با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید چمران

2 دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

امروزه در تمامی شهرهای جهان، به ویژه کلان‌شهرها، افزایش نرخ جرم و جنایت نگران کننده است و به یکی از دغدغه‌های مهم شهروندان و مدیران شهری تبدیل شده است. به نظر می‌رسد شکل و نوع کاربری‌ها و رابطه بین توزیع آن‌ها در سطح شهر از جمله مواردی است که در رشد آسیب‌های اجتماعی و جرایم شهری موثر بوده‌ است. از جمله کلان شهرهایی که با این بحران مواجه است، شهر اهواز می‌باشد. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر نوع و میزان کاربری اراضی شهری در شکل گیری الگوهایی فضایی بزهکاری در محدوده کلانتری 15 شهر اهواز انجام شده است. روش تحقیق این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده، و به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل‌های گرافیکی در محیط GIS استفاده گردیده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان ‌داد مرکز متوسط جرایم ارتکابی در منطقه کمپلو با مرکز جغرافیایی محدوده کلانتری (خیابان انقلاب) منطبق است. همچنین جرایم مرتبط با سرقت در کل محدوده پخش گردیده و کانون‌های اصلی شناسایی شده خیابان‌های داغری (لشکر)، هاتف (کیان)، بنی هاشم و اطراف بیمارستان آیت الله کرمی و ترمینال غرب (میدان انقلاب) می‌باشد. نوع و میزان کاربری اراضی در محدوده کلانتری 15 در ایجاد زمینه و شرایط ارتکاب جرایم سرقت تاثیر داشته است. به طوری که بیشترین جرایم سرقت در محدوده این کلانتری در کنار کاربری‌های مسکونی رخ داده است. در نهایت بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش پیشنهادهایی جهت کنترل ناهنجاری های کالبدی و کاهش نرخ بزهکاری در محدوده های مورد مطالعه ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of type and amount of urban land use in the formation of spatial patterns of crime Case Study: police station within 15 Kampolo))

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nahid Sajadyan 1
  • Ali Shojaeyan 1
  • Leila Keshtkar 2

1 Shahid Chamran University

2 Shahid Chamran University

چکیده [English]

Today, in the all the cities around the world, in particular in the metropolitans, the crimes and offenses are dramatically increasing that has concerned both citizens and urban authorities.It seems the kind of relationship between the land use and its distribution throughout the city, including have increased the social vulnerability and crimes in the cities. Ahvaz is those of macro cities facing critically with these problems. the present study was to determine the type and extent of urban land use in the formation of spatial patterns of crime in the police station is 15 Ahwaz. This study was a descriptive-analytical. The GIS software was used for data analysis. The results showed an average of crimes in Kampolo the geographical center of the station (Enghelab street) matches. The theft-related charges in the range of distribution and the main foci detected Daghari streets (Lashkar), Hatef (Kian), Bani Hashim and the hospital Ayatollah Karami and West Terminal (Enghelab Square) is. The type and amount of land within the station 15 has an impact on the creation of context, theft crimes. The greatest crime of robbery in the area next to the police station occurred in residential applications. Finally, based on the research findings, recommendations for the management of physical abnormalities and reduced delinquency rate in the limits of the study were presented.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "theft"
  • "land use"
  • "the spatial pattern"
  • "Ahvaz"
  • "Kampolo"
  1. References

     

    1. Ahmadi, Habib, (2004), The Sociology of deviance. Tehran. Press the Samt.
    2.  Armed Forces Geographical Organization, (2005), Gazetteer villages in Khuzestan province, Ahvaz city.
    3. Department of Planning and Development (2012), Metropolis census Ahvaz, Press Public Relations and International Affairs in Ahwaz City.
    4. Ebadinezhad, A, Zoghi, L, Rafie, A, Ghobadi, A. (2009), The Relationship between Geographical Factors and Social order and security. Journal of Social Security, No. 1 (2).
    5. Eck, John, Chinese, Spencer, Cameron, James J. Lytnr, Michael Wilson, Ronald,vei. (2009), Mapping for crime analysis, identify centers of crime, police and Mary M. translator magnificent, Zanjan, press the Samt.
    6.  Ghasri, M, Kalantari, M., Jabari, K., Ghezelbash, S. (2011), The effect of  Land use in the formation of spatial patterns of crime and case study-drug related crime in the central part of Tehran. Journal of Geopolitics. Seventh year. No. III.
    7. Heydari, GH, Kargar, B, Monafi, S, Khorasaniyan, M. (2011), Crime prevention through environmental design (case study: Zanjan), the publication of new approaches in human geography, Issue I: 27 -11.
    8. Hillier, B., & Sahbaz, O. (2010), High resolution analysis of crime patterns in urban street networks: an initial statistical sketch from an ongoing study of  London borough, Proceedings of the Fifth International Space Syntax Symposium, University of Delft.
      1. Kalantari, M, Ghezelbash, S, (2009), Identify crime-prone urban centers using statistical models based graphics and GIS Case study: robbery in the Zanjan city.
      2. Kalantari, M, Jabbari, M.K (2013), Pathology physical focus areas of crime within the district 19 in Tehran, Iran (Case study: robbery, rape and drug-related offenses), Journal of Geography, the new, eleventh year, (36).
      3. Kalantari, M., Tavakoli, M. (2007), Identification and analysis of crime-prone urban centers. Crime Prevention Studies. Second year. The second number.
      4. Kamali, M. (2011), Urban design approach in order to achieve security with an emphasis on urban CPTED. Journal of Urban threads. (36).
      5. Khaledi, Z. (2009). Security in the city with the approach of Environmental Design (CPTED). Thesis. Islamic Azad University of Zanjan.
      6. Karmalachab, H. (2010). Check the geography of crime with an emphasis on violent crime in the city of Ahvaz. Master thesis. Supervisor Sajadian. N, Chamran University of Ahvaz.
      7. Mafi, E. (1999), Urban geography, comparative pathology, Geographical Research Quarterly, 52 & 53.
      8. Mc Cord, E. S., Ratcliffe, J.H., (2009), Intensity Value Analysis and the Criminogenic Effects of Land Use Featureson Local Crime Patterns, Crime Patterns and Analysis Vol.2, No.1, P.17: http://www.jratcliffe.net/papers /McCord Ratcliffe.
      9. Najafi Abrndabady, A.H. (1999), Local police and Delinquency Prevention, a journal of legal research. Martyr Beheshti University Law School, No. 26-25.
      10. Nazariyan, A., Ziyari, Y.A, Khazaei, N. (2013). Study environmental criminology theories in relation to the prevention of crime in urban environments. Human Science Research. Fourth year. (21).
      11. Office of Applied Research Center Khuzestan province police, (2011).
      12. Parhiz, Faryad, (2010), Analysis of space- physical and social ills in the informal settlement areas (Case Study: Islamabad in the Zanjan city). Master Thesis,Supervisor Kalantari, M., Ziyari, K., Zanjan University.
      13. Pishgahifard, Z., Kalantari, M., Parhiz, F., Haghpanah, E. (2011), Geographic analysis of crime-prone center of drug-related crimes in the city of Kermanshah. Urban and regional studies, Third year, Number XI.
      14. Rahimi nader, H. (2006), Spatial analysis of crime in the city of Karaj (GIS), MA thesis., Isfahan University.
      15. Saidnia, A. (1999). Urban land use. Tehran: the municipalities of the country.
      16. Sayfodin, F, Kalantari, M, Ahmadi, S. (2014), The effect of land use in the formation of spatial patterns of crime (Case Study: District 17 of Tehran). Human geography research. 46, ​​(1) period.
      17. Tybaldz, p. (2004). Citizen-oriented urban development. Translated by Mohammad Ahmadinejad: Publication soil.
        1. Van Melik,R.,Van Aalst, I.,&Van Weesep, J. (2007), Fear and fantasy in the public domain: the development of secured and themed urban space. Journal of urban design, 12(1): 25-42.
        2. Wang, D., Ding, W., Lo, H., Morabito,

    M., Chen, P., Salazar, J., & Stepinski, T. (2013), Understanding the spatial distribution of crime based geospatial discriminative patterns. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 39: 93-106.

    1. Yazdani Amiri, M., Rashidkhani, S., Naderi, A., Gholami, M. (2012), Pathology physical spaces of the city and its impact on crime approach with an emphasis on environmental design (CPTED) Case study: Zanjan Conference on sustainable architecture and urban development, Bokan.
    2. Zhong, H., Yin, J., Wu, J., Yao, S., Wang, Z., Lv, Z., & Yu, B. (2011), Spatial analysis for crime pattern of metropolis in transition using  police records and GIS: a case study of Shanghai, China. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications, 5(2): 93-105.
    3. Sherman, L.W., Gartin, P.R., Buerger, M.E. (1989), Hotspots of Predatory Crime: Routine Activities and the Criminology of Place, Criminology, NO.2
    4. Ghasemi, Z. (2009),  The space-spatial analysis of crime-prone regions Case Study: Shahrekords), Master Thesis, Supervisor Said Amanpour, martyr Chamran University.
    5. Shakoye, H. (1990),  Social geography of cities (Social Ecology), Tehran, SID.
    6. Kalantari, M. (2001), Study the geography of crime in areas of Tehran, PhD Thesis, Geography and Urban Planning, Supervisor Rahnama, M.,  University of Zanjan.

     

    34. Ali Abadi, J. (2002), Violation of urban spaces in the provision of social security, municipalities Magazine, No. 41.