Payame Noor University Journal of Urban Ecology Researches 2538-3930 Articles in Press 2026 02 14 Evaluation of Health Resilience Indicators Against the COVID‑19 Pandemic in Urban Neighborhoods (Case Study: Selected Neighborhoods of Tabriz City) Evaluation of Health Resilience Indicators Against the COVID‑19 Pandemic in Urban Neighborhoods (Case Study: Selected Neighborhoods of Tabriz City) 12679 10.30473/grup.2026.74432.2922 FA Kasra Ketabollahi Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Design, Planning, faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Journal Article 2025 04 28 The COVID‑19 pandemic presented extensive threats to contemporary healthy living. Given that the neighborhood is a focal point in urban thought and gained heightened importance during the recent crisis, this research adopted it as its primary scale. The main objectives include explaining the biological health paradigm of neighborhoods in the post‑corona context and interpreting the health resilience of selected neighborhoods in Tabriz during the pandemic. Data were compiled via a review of 182 articles, resulting in the extraction of 12 indicators and 20 variables. These indicators were defined and redefined within an innovative framework based on the “evolution of health” across three dimensions: spatial, psychological, and medical, to serve as the basis for evaluating neighborhood health resilience through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Three neighborhoods—Gharamalek, Maghsudieh, and Valie‑Asr Town—were selected as case samples, classified into high‑, moderate‑, and low‑risk levels based on official mortality statistics. The research methodology was mixed‑methods (quantitative and qualitative), incorporating GIS, narrative inquiry, questionnaires, and interviews. Data evaluation was performed using SPSS and AMOS version 19.<br />The results show that Maghsudieh, Gharamalek, and Valie‑Asr Town, respectively, possess a higher level of resilience and biological health. However, the findings cast doubt on the initial hypothesis positing that better living qualities in a neighborhood would correlate with lower COVID‑19 prevalence. Finally, a comparative analysis of the variables helped explain the differences in factor influence. The COVID‑19 pandemic presented extensive threats to contemporary healthy living. Given that the neighborhood is a focal point in urban thought and gained heightened importance during the recent crisis, this research adopted it as its primary scale. The main objectives include explaining the biological health paradigm of neighborhoods in the post‑corona context and interpreting the health resilience of selected neighborhoods in Tabriz during the pandemic. Data were compiled via a review of 182 articles, resulting in the extraction of 12 indicators and 20 variables. These indicators were defined and redefined within an innovative framework based on the “evolution of health” across three dimensions: spatial, psychological, and medical, to serve as the basis for evaluating neighborhood health resilience through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Three neighborhoods—Gharamalek, Maghsudieh, and Valie‑Asr Town—were selected as case samples, classified into high‑, moderate‑, and low‑risk levels based on official mortality statistics. The research methodology was mixed‑methods (quantitative and qualitative), incorporating GIS, narrative inquiry, questionnaires, and interviews. Data evaluation was performed using SPSS and AMOS version 19.<br />The results show that Maghsudieh, Gharamalek, and Valie‑Asr Town, respectively, possess a higher level of resilience and biological health. However, the findings cast doubt on the initial hypothesis positing that better living qualities in a neighborhood would correlate with lower COVID‑19 prevalence. Finally, a comparative analysis of the variables helped explain the differences in factor influence. https://grup.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_12679_3ffc42b16830b1dea8131f6f65f85388.pdf