Guide for Authors

Instructions for Authors

DOI Requirement

Authors are required to provide the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for all references that have an assigned DOI. The DOI should be included at the end of each reference in the reference list.


1. Online Submission

Manuscripts are evaluated based on their scientific quality, originality, significance, and relevance to the aims and scope of the journal. Submitted manuscripts must not have been previously published or simultaneously submitted to another journal.

At the time of submission, authors must upload only the following two files:

  • Main Manuscript, prepared for double-blind peer review and containing no identifying information about the authors or their affiliations.
  • Title Page (Cover Page) including:
    • Full title of the manuscript;
    • Full names of all authors;
    • Institutional affiliations;
    • Complete contact information of the corresponding author (postal address, institutional e-mail address, telephone number, and fax number, if available).

The manuscript should not exceed 20 pages, including footnotes.

Only one manuscript per author may be under review by the journal at any given time.


2. Manuscript Preparation

Manuscripts must be written in Persian.

For consistency in spelling, the use of the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary is recommended.

The manuscript should be prepared according to the journal template.


Manuscript Structure

Manuscripts should be organized in the following order:

  1. Title Page
  2. Abstract
  3. Keywords
  4. Introduction
  5. Materials and Methods
  6. Results
  7. Discussion
  8. Conclusion
  9. Conflict of Interest
  10. Acknowledgements (Optional)
  11. References
  12. Tables and Figures

3. Title Page

The title page must include:

  • Article title
  • Full names of all authors
  • Institutional affiliations
  • Institutional e-mail addresses
  • Corresponding author information

The article title should:

  • Be concise and informative;
  • Accurately reflect the content of the manuscript;
  • Avoid abbreviations;
  • Use sentence/title case as appropriate.

Each author's affiliation should include:

  • Academic position
  • Department
  • Institution
  • City
  • Country
  • Institutional e-mail address

Academic titles such as Dr. or Engineer should not be included.


4. Abstract

Each manuscript must include an abstract with a maximum length of 250 words.

The abstract should:

  • Be written as a single paragraph;
  • Contain no references or unexplained abbreviations;
  • Clearly state the objective, methodology, principal findings, and overall conclusion.

An Extended Abstract in English (1,500–1,700 words) must also be included according to the journal template.


5. Keywords

Provide 3–5 keywords immediately after the abstract.

Authors are encouraged to use standardized terms from the UNESCO Thesaurus


6. Article Type

The manuscript type should be clearly identified as one of the following:

  • Article
  • Review
  • Editorial
  • Letter
  • Note
  • Short Survey
  • Erratum

7. Introduction

The introduction should:

  • Present the research problem;
  • Explain the significance of the study;
  • Summarize relevant background literature;
  • Identify the research gap;
  • State the objectives and hypotheses;
  • Briefly describe the research approach.

An extensive literature review should be avoided in this section.


8. Materials and Methods

This section should provide sufficient detail to allow replication of the study.

It should include:

  • Materials
  • Study design
  • Experimental procedures
  • Instruments
  • Measurement methods
  • Statistical analyses
  • Modifications to standard methods, if applicable

9. Results

Results should be presented objectively in the past tense.

Tables and figures should:

  • Be cited in the text;
  • Be numbered consecutively;
  • Include informative titles;
  • Report measurement units where applicable.

Avoid repeating numerical data already presented in tables.


10. Discussion and Conclusion

The Discussion should:

  • Interpret the findings;
  • Compare them with previous studies;
  • Explain their significance;
  • Evaluate the research hypotheses.

The Conclusion should summarize the principal findings, indicate whether the research objectives were achieved, discuss practical implications, and suggest directions for future research.

Authors should avoid stating that hypotheses have been "proven"; instead, hypotheses should be described as supported or not supported by the findings.


11. Conflict of Interest

The corresponding author must disclose any financial or non-financial conflicts of interest that could influence the interpretation of the research findings.


12. Acknowledgements

Authors may acknowledge individuals or organizations that made significant contributions to the study.


13. References

References must be prepared according to the APA Publication Manual (7th Edition).

Authors should ensure that:

  • All bibliographic information is complete and accurate.
  • Full journal titles are used.
  • Journal titles are italicized.
  • DOIs are provided whenever available.
  • The anonymity of the double-blind review process is preserved.
  • Excessive self-citation is avoided.
  • Unpublished manuscripts are cited as Author, in press, when appropriate.

14. Footnotes

Footnotes should appear at the bottom of each page.

Endnotes must be converted into footnotes before submission.


15. Symbols and Variables

All symbols, abbreviations, and variables must be defined when they first appear in the manuscript.


16. Data Availability Statement

Authors are required to provide a Data Availability Statement before the References section.

Where possible, research data should be deposited in a recognized public repository, and the corresponding access link should be provided.

If the data cannot be shared because of ethical, legal, or confidentiality restrictions, the reasons should be clearly stated.


17. Funding Statement

All sources of financial support for the research must be disclosed.

Authors should provide the name of the funding organization and grant number, where applicable.

If the research received no external funding, authors should state:

"This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors."


18. ORCID

The corresponding author is required to provide an ORCID iD. ORCID iDs for co-authors are strongly encouraged.


19. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted technologies in the preparation of manuscripts must be fully disclosed.

AI tools cannot be listed as authors.

Authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, integrity, and scientific validity of their manuscripts.

The use of AI must not result in plagiarism, fabricated data, falsified content, or any breach of publication ethics.


20. Copyright

Copyright of accepted articles remains with the authors.

Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) license.

By submitting a manuscript, authors grant the journal the right to publish, archive, index, and distribute the work under the terms of this license.

Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyrighted materials.


21. Publication Ethics and Plagiarism

The journal adheres to the principles and guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE ).

All submitted manuscripts are screened for originality prior to peer review.

Any form of research misconduct, including plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate publication, inappropriate authorship, or citation manipulation, will be handled in accordance with the COPE Core Practices and COPE flowcharts.

Where misconduct is confirmed, the Editorial Board reserves the right to reject, suspend the review of, retract, or remove the manuscript from publication.