Hormuz soil smuggling in light of the Iranian legal system and international environmental law

Articles in Press

Document Type : Science - Research

Authors

1 Ansarian, Mojtaba, Associate Professor of Public International Law, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Adeleh Sadat Hosseini Nasab, Master of Public Law from Alam and Gharhang University (Tehran). Sadatadeleh1@gmail.com

Abstract

Soil, as the basis of life and the origin of life, the foundation of societies and many ecosystems, is not only a natural element but also a national asset with economic, ecological, identity and security value. One of the country's strategic assets, has faced the challenge of unauthorized exit in recent years. This issue is especially evident in the "Hormoz" region; an issue that has existed in a continuous context and process that, in addition to serious environmental damage, reveals the weakness of border surveillance and shortcomings of legal frameworks. The main question of this research is what deficiencies or inadequacies does soil smuggling represent in the Iranian legal and executive system and what regulations exist to prevent and combat it. This study was conducted qualitatively and based on library data collection. The findings show that soil smuggling is more than an economic activity, it is a sign of disregard for the requirements of sustainable development. Although Article 50 of the Constitution, the Soil Protection Law (2019), customs regulations, and provincial circulars have provided the necessary legal frameworks, lack of institutional coordination and resource limitations are among the most important reasons for the emergence and continuation of this violation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Journal of Urban Ecology Researches

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 27 April 2026

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 16 November 2025
  • Revise Date: 18 April 2026
  • Accept Date: 19 April 2026

Share

How to cite

Statistics