Investigation of Spatial Pattern and Visualization of Urban Sprawl Using Satellite Images and Shannon Entropy in GIS, Case Study: Tabriz City, 1972-2013

Document Type : Science - Research

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate Department of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

3 MSc. Student, Department of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

4 MSc. Student, Department of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Urban sprawl or uncontrolled dispersion of built-up areas imposes many economic, social, and environmental issues to cities with a high growth rate. The combination of Remote Sensing and GIS. Technologies with the Shannon Entropy Model can used to identify, quantify and analyze the trends of urban sprawl patterns. In this research, Landsat satellite imagery, spatial analysis of GIS and Shannon entropy used in two levels (for the whole city and within urban areas) in Tabriz city. After geometric and radiometric correction of images and the mapping of urban and non-urban areas in four periods from 1972 to 2013, to calculate the total entropy of each period, the region divided into 58 cells. In addition, to create a spatial pattern map and visualize urban sprawl, the whole city divided into 100 cells with 16 sub-cells, the amount of entropy of 16 cells was calculated, and sprawl spatial pattern obtained by Kriging interpolation method. The results of this study showed that urban sprawl of Tabriz  has been approaching the maximum entropy (4.06) from 1972 to 2013 and has caused a two-fold gap between the growth of urban areas and the population. In addition, the spatial pattern of urban sprawl is unbalanced and focuses on the city’s communication axes.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

پور احمد احمد.، حسام مهدی، آشور حدیثه و محمد پور صابر ( 1389). تحلیل بر گسترش کالبدی – فضایی شهر گرگان با استفاده از مدل های آنتروپی شانون و هلدرن، مجله پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری، 1(2)، 1-18.
پورتال شهرداری تبریز، http://www.tabriz.ir
پورمحمدی محمدرضا و محمد جام کسری (1390). تحلیلی بر الگوی توسعه ناموزون تبریز، فصلنامه تحقیقات جغرافیایی، 25 (100)، 31 – 54.
حسین زاده کریم، پورمحمدی محمد رضا، هادیلی بهمن و چوبساز سهیلا (1391). تحلیل الگوی توسعه پراکنده کلان شهر تبریز با استفاده از مدل شانون و تعیین جهت گیری توسعه فیزیکی آن، مجله نقش جهان، 2(2)، 55-66. 
فیروزبخت پرهیزگار و  ربیعی فر ولی اله (1391). راهبردهای ساختار زیست‎ محیطی شهر با رویکرد توسعه‎ ی پایدار شهری (مطالعه‎ موردی: شهر کرج). پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی، 44(80)، 213-239.
قربانی رسول، ولی بیگی مجتبی و تقی پور علی اکبر (1391). تحلیلی بر گسترش افقی شهر تبریز و ظرفیتهای درون بافتی اراضی، فصلنامه جغرافیایی چشم انداز زاگرس، 4(12)، 59 -70.
کرامت الله زیاری، حافظ مهدنژاد و فریاد پرهیز (1388)، مبانی و تکنیک­های برنامه­ریزی شهری، محل نشر: چا­بهار، انتشارات دانشگاه بین المللی چابهار، چاپ اول، 40-56.
میثاق نورالدین و میثاق فرسام (1395). روشی نوین مبتنی بر آنتروپی تراکمی موزون برای بررسی الگوی پراکنش رشد شهری تبریز در GIS، نشریه علمی ترویجی مهندسی نقشه برداری و اطلاعات مکانی، 8(1) ، 9-18.
میثاق نورالدین،  نیسانی سامانی نجمه و تومانیان آرا (1396). شبیه‌سازی رشد شهری تبریز با استفاده از مدل CA-Markov و تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره، پژوهش های جغرافیای انسانی، 50(1)، 217-231.
نتایج سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن، (1390)، مرکز آمار ایران http://amar.org.ir
Alberti, M. (2005). The effects of urban patterns on ecosystem function. International regional science review, 28(2), 168-192.
Arsanjani, J. J., Helbich, M., Kainz, W., & Boloorani, A. D. (2013). Integration of logistic regression, Markov chain and cellular automata models to simulate urban expansion. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 21, 265-275.
Batty, M. Spatial entropy. Geogr. Anal. 1974, 6, 1–31.
Bertaud, A., & Richardson, H. W. (2004). Transit and density: Atlanta, the United States and western Europe. Urban Sprawl in Western Europe and the United States. London: Ashgate, 293-310.‏
Bhatta, B. (2010). Analysis of urban growth and sprawl from remote sensing data. Springer Science & Business Media.
Bhatta, B., Saraswati, S., & Bandyopadhyay, D. (2010). Quantifying the degree-of-freedom, degree-of-sprawl, and degree-of-goodness of urban growth from remote sensing data. Applied Geography, 30(1), 96-111.
Burchell, R. W., & Mukherji, S. (2003). Conventional development versus managed growth: the costs of sprawl. American Journal of Public Health, 93(9), 1534-1540.
Clausius, R. (1867). The mechanical theory of heat: with its applications to the steam-engine and to the physical properties of bodies. J. van Voorst.
Ewing, R., Schmid, T., Killingsworth, R., Zlot, A., & Raudenbush, S. (2003). Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidity. American journal of health promotion, 18(1), 47-57.‏
Firouzbakht , P., RabieiFar, Elah. (2011). Strategies of the environmental structure of the city with the approach of sustainable urban development (case study: Karaj city). Human Geography Research, 44(80) 213-239. (In persian)
Hess, G., Daley, S. S., Dennison, B. K., Lubkin, S. R., McGuinn, R. P., Morin, V. Z., ... & Wrege, B. M. (2001). Just what is sprawl, anyway. Carolina Planning, 26(2), 11-26.
Hoseinzade, Dalir, K., Pourmohammadi, M., Hadili, B., & Choubsaz, S. (2012) Analysis of Urban Sprawl Pattern of Tabriz City, Using Shannon’s Entropy and Indicating Urban Growth Directions. Naqshejahan, 2 (1) 55-66. (In persian)
Iran Statistics Center, (2013). http://amar.org.ir. (In persian)
Jensen, J. R., & Lulla, K. (1987). Introductory digital image processing: a remote sensing perspective.
Li, X., & Yeh, A. G. O. (1998). Principal component analysis of stacked multi-temporal images for the monitoring of rapid urban expansion in the Pearl River Delta. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 19(8), 1501-1518.
Longley, P., & Batty, M. (2003). Advanced spatial analysis: the CASA book of GIS. ESRI, Inc..
Mills, D. E. (1981). Growth, speculation and sprawl in a mono centric city. Journal of Urban Economics, 10(2), 201-226.
Misagh, F. (2016). On Shift Dependent Cumulative Entropy Measures. International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, ID 7213285, 8 pages, doi:10.1155/2016/7213285
Misagh, N., Misagh, F. (2017). A New Method Based on Weighted Cumulative Entropy to Assess the Sprawl Pattern of Urban Growth of Tabriz City in GIS. Geospatial Engineering Journal, 8(1)9-18. (In persian)
Misagh, N., Nissani, Samani, N., & Tomanian, A. (2016). Simulating the urban growth of Tabriz using CA-Markov model and multi-criteria decision-making, human geography research, 50(1) 217-231. (In persian)
Nechyba, T. J., & Walsh, R. P. (2004). Urban sprawl. Journal of economic perspectives, 18(4), 177-200.‏
Portal of Tabriz Municipality, http://www.tabriz.ir. (In persian)
Pourahmad, A., Hossam, M., Ashour, H., & Mohammadpour, S. (2012). Analysis of physical-spatial expansion of Gorgan city using Shannon and Heldren entropy models. Journal of Urban Research and Planning, 1(2) 1-18. (In persian)
Pourmohammadi, M. R., Mohammad jam, K. (2013). An analysis of the Sprawl pattern of Tabriz, Geographical Research Quarterly, 25(100) 54-31. (In persian)
Punia, M., & Singh, L. (2012). Entropy approach for assessment of urban growth: a case study of Jaipur, India. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 40(2), 231-244.
Qurbani, R., WaliBegi, Mojtabi., & Taghipour, A. A. (1391). An analysis on the horizontal expansion of the city of Tabriz and the intratextual capacities of the lands, Zagros Landscape Geographical Quarterly, 4(12) 59-70. (In persian)
Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication, bell System technical Journal 27: 379-423.
Singh, B. (2014). Urban growth using Shannon’s entropy: A case study of Rohtak City. International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS,3(1), pp-544.
Sturm, R., & Cohen, D. A. (2004). Suburban sprawl and physical and mental health. Public health, 118(7), 488-496.
Sudhira, H. S., Ramachandra, T. V., & Jagadish, K. S. (2004). Urban sprawl: metrics, dynamics and modelling using GIS. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 5(1), 29-39.‏
Sullivan, W. C., & Lovell, S. T. (2006). Improving the visual quality of commercial development at the rural–urban fringe. Landscape and Urban Planning, 77(1), 152-166.
Un-habitat. (2010). State of the world's cities 2010/2011: bridging the urban divide. Earthscan.
Xu, C., Liu, M., Zhang, C., An, S., Yu, W., & Chen, J. M. (2007). The spatiotemporal dynamics of rapid urban growth in the Nanjing metropolitan region of China. Landscape ecology, 22(6), 925-937.
Yeh, A. G. O., & Xia, L. (2001). Measurement and monitoring of urban sprawl in a rapidly growing region using entropy. Photogrammetric engineering and remote sensing, 67(1), 83-90.
Ziari, K. Mahdanjad, H., & Parhiz, F. (2011), Urban Planning Basics and Techniques, Chabahar: Chabahar International University Publications, 40-56. (In persian)
Journal of Urban Ecology Researches
Volume 11, Issue 21 - Serial Number 21
Spring & Summer
September 2021
Pages 195-208

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 01 June 2018
  • Revise Date: 11 March 2023
  • Accept Date: 25 August 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics