Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
sajad ferdowsi; Mohammad Ali Aghandeh; yavar babaei
Abstract
The method of the present research is descriptive-analytic and it is done with the aim of identifying and prioritizing of tourism risks. Research data were collected with the method of library as well as field method through the questionnaire. Content validity was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire. ...
Read More
The method of the present research is descriptive-analytic and it is done with the aim of identifying and prioritizing of tourism risks. Research data were collected with the method of library as well as field method through the questionnaire. Content validity was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire. Also, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability that its measure of 0.76 has acceptable coefficient. In this regard, exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the risks inferred and Friedman statistical test was used to prioritize the identified risks.The research results show that indicator of economic and financial by mean rank 2.85 was located in the first rank and it has the highest probability of occurrence. Then, Indicator of facilities and services was located in the second rank with 2.48 mean, followed by indicator of safety and security in third rank with 2.08 mean.Also, indicator of hygiene and health with 1.77 meanand indicator of natural disasters with 1.74 mean were ranked in fourth and fifthy rating respectively.Finally, indicator of cultural and social with 1.26 mean was the least likely to occur and ranked sixth.At the end of this research, prioritizing the inferred risks from the viewpoint of tourists has been done
Science - Research
Geopolitic
Mahdiyeh Mohammadi Birang; Ali Azar
Abstract
Today, the necessity and importance of dealing with women issue is due to the fact that women form half of the population of the cities, as a fact if the security of women is provided, the rate of women's use of public space in urban parks will increase. On the other hand, the lack of security and satisfaction ...
Read More
Today, the necessity and importance of dealing with women issue is due to the fact that women form half of the population of the cities, as a fact if the security of women is provided, the rate of women's use of public space in urban parks will increase. On the other hand, the lack of security and satisfaction with urban parks makes that women leave these spaces. The aim of this paper is to study the rate of security in different parks and the impact of physical-environmental facilities and public space services on the women’s sense of security. The research method is descriptive-analytical and a questionnaire is used to collect the data. The statistical population involves all the women using the public spaces of Tabriz city and the sample size includes 320 women. The results of the study show that there is a significant difference between the senses of security in different parks. The results of Tukey test indicate that women's sense of security in a neighborhood and regional parks is significantly lower than the roadside, and outside of the city parks.Also, The Pearson correlation analysis also show that there is a significant positive relationship between women's sense of security and environmental quality (p=0.001, r=0.43). Other results indicate relatively good condition for women's security in the parks of Tabriz (mean=3.44; Sig= 0.001).
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
Mahdi KOLAHI; Narges Entegham-Kesh; Batool Mahmoudmolaei Kermani
Abstract
One of the important and significant factors in any society is the environmental behavior of that community which in addition to affecting environmental issues is itself influenced by other factors. Therefore, it is important to study the environmental behavior and its influencing factors in each society.The ...
Read More
One of the important and significant factors in any society is the environmental behavior of that community which in addition to affecting environmental issues is itself influenced by other factors. Therefore, it is important to study the environmental behavior and its influencing factors in each society.The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the environmental behavior of citizens.The statistical population of the research is citizens of Shirvan city.Also, 380 households had been selected by systematic random sampling as a sample size. This study was carried out with a quantitative approach by a survey method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha for measuring the reliability of the present research variables had been confirmed with environmental behavior (0.632), environmental belief (0.782), environmental value (0.823), environmental awareness (0.760) and Environmental knowledge (0.819).In addition, the validity of the research was a content and formal validity.The findings of the research showed that individuals’ environmental beliefs effect their behavior. Furthermore, behavior was also influenced by gender, age and education levels, as well as indicating different performances. The paper concluded that Socio-cultural components can actually predict responsible environmental behaviors.
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
Zohreh Akhgarisangatash; Seyedhamed Mirkarimi; Marjan Mohammadzadeh; Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny
Abstract
Sidewalks are urban corridors where some of the most important social activities occur. Therefore, considering the criteria which affecting the beauty and optimization of these paths is of great importance in examining the views of the streets. Identifying the most important aesthetic criteria of the ...
Read More
Sidewalks are urban corridors where some of the most important social activities occur. Therefore, considering the criteria which affecting the beauty and optimization of these paths is of great importance in examining the views of the streets. Identifying the most important aesthetic criteria of the sidewalks is the aim of the present study. A total of four pedestrian paths from two cities of Mashhad and Gorgan have been investigated using visual quality classification and matrix approach approaches.The data obtained from completing 100 visual questionnaires were analyzed by 50 experts in two stages by using the visual quality classification methods and the matrix for achieving the measures, finally the most important criteria were identified.The outcome results of the questionnaire indicated that colour with 82/2% and green space with 77/7% had more effective role in beautifying the sidewalk paths respectively. Also, the results make it possible for researchers to prepare the possibility with intention of increasing more visual pleasure of urban landscape by using them .On the other hand, instead of effective abstract criteria on beauty of streets landscapes, more precise and practical criteria identified and the process of reviewing the beauty of streets landscapes have been speeded up and accurate for designers and planners.
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
farahnaz Akbaroghli; Mahdi Vafaei
Abstract
Reports of the World Tourism Organization indicate that tourism has become one of the largest industries in the world. What is important in tourism is its role not only in economic issues such as employment and profitability, but also in urban sustainable development. Moreover, tourism plays an important ...
Read More
Reports of the World Tourism Organization indicate that tourism has become one of the largest industries in the world. What is important in tourism is its role not only in economic issues such as employment and profitability, but also in urban sustainable development. Moreover, tourism plays an important role in answering on one of the most important needs of human, which is the need to security, mental peace, recreation and entertainment that can be meet by going to the natural environment and spending some times there. In this context, the present research is aimed to identify zones with high potential for tourism in Abardeh rural district of Mashhad city, a region which has high tourism potential. The research method was descriptive– analytical with the practical aim which was performed by using documentary and survey data.Also, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to analyze data. Therefore, factors affecting zoning were gathered by using the Delphi method, and the variables were weighted based on the AHP method using Expert Choice software. At the end of this research, layers were integrated based on the weight of each criterion in GIS software by using overlay functions, and the value of each zone was obtained based on the all effective factors ,and also their weight, and all zones were then divided into three groups namely areas with high, medium and low potentials. The results showed that just 15% of the existing lands in Abardeh rural district have high tourism potential. So, for promotion tourism in this region, it is necessary to suggest tourist attraction land uses based on the potential of each zone.
Science - Research
Habitatation
Fatemehalsadat Afsahhosseini; Hossein Zabihi; laala jahanshahloo
Abstract
The theory of urban competitiveness is based on Porter Diamond's theory. There is a link between housing that has a large share of the total economy and urban economic competitiveness.The adequacy of the supply and allocation of land for the development of new housing, as well as the importance of maintaining ...
Read More
The theory of urban competitiveness is based on Porter Diamond's theory. There is a link between housing that has a large share of the total economy and urban economic competitiveness.The adequacy of the supply and allocation of land for the development of new housing, as well as the importance of maintaining cheap land, which can be maintained by local power for urban development, is evident. In this research, the purpose of the estimation of the number of residential units needed to provide residential units in Tehran in 1400 Hijri. The research method of this paper is based on information-based analytical-descriptive. Considering that the population is the main cause of creating a potential demand for housing, first the population of Tehran was estimated for 1400 using three nonlinear polynomial quadratic models, Gampartz and logistic. Since the comprehensive plan of each city is the city's most important project, population estimates of second-order polygonal models and Gampartz were considered due to their close proximity to the project. Then, using the logistic model, which was a suitable method for estimating the number of residential units in a citythat the number of residential units was estimated based on these three population estimates. The number of residential units obtained from the Gompertz model based on the population was 663141 which can be as a measure for decision making and urban future planning in order to achieve economic competitiveness of the city.
Science - Research
Habitatation
amiraslan darvish; hossein medi; Yousef Gorji mahlabani
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is analyzing the reflective surfaces with high Albedo effect which can be considered as one of the passive design approaches for controlling the absorption of suns radiative energy and reducing temperature and building energy consumption, especially in hot and dry climates. ...
Read More
The purpose of this paper is analyzing the reflective surfaces with high Albedo effect which can be considered as one of the passive design approaches for controlling the absorption of suns radiative energy and reducing temperature and building energy consumption, especially in hot and dry climates. The methodology of this research was based on an analytical approach with a simulation which contained experimental study and computational simulation of reflective roofs with different levels of albedo using Energy Plus software. This study has been done for two types of common roofs existing in Tehran residential buildings as well as containing accurate temperature fluctuations and cooling energy consumption in one year. The results of the research showed that increasing Albedo of roof surfaces with reflective materials had a noticeable effect on decreasing the surface temperature and the roof surrounding air temperature. Furthermore, as a result of the reduction of suns heating absorption by external surfaces, the consumption of cooling energy was reduced.
Science - Research
Habitatation
Ail Eshghei; Hosain Nazmfar
Abstract
Earthquake as one of the most devastating & destructive types of natural hazards include big & unpredictable shapes.So, this cannot be prevented from its consequences. In contrast to this situation, international organizations' strategies for reduction of disaster is to create earthquake resilience ...
Read More
Earthquake as one of the most devastating & destructive types of natural hazards include big & unpredictable shapes.So, this cannot be prevented from its consequences. In contrast to this situation, international organizations' strategies for reduction of disaster is to create earthquake resilience communities that this issue requires an assessment of the resilience of the city against earthquakes & planning. Therefor, this study try to investigate the resilience of the ten zone in district 1 of Tehran against earthquake. The research method was descriptive-analytic as well as applied type. In addition, ten main criteria were used to measure resilience of district 1 of Tehran in the form of 42 sub-criteria, which used the Prometheus & Gaia model to analyze the relevance of the criteria under the data analysis network analysis process.The results showed that zones 2, 7 & 8 have high resilience, Zones 3 & 4 have moderate resilience, Zones 10 have low resilience, & Zones 1, 5, 6 & 9 have very low earthquake resilience.In general, it can be concluded that zones the zones in the west of Tehran's one district are highly resilient, & those located in the central part, especially east of Tehran's one district, have little resilience against earthquakes.
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
Hamidreza Kamyab
Abstract
In the sustainable development, the physical aspects of man-made areas are of great importance. This paper, in order to quantify the growth pattern of human-made areas, the relationship of built-up areas of Golestan province with ground surface temperature using six landmarks including number of patches, ...
Read More
In the sustainable development, the physical aspects of man-made areas are of great importance. This paper, in order to quantify the growth pattern of human-made areas, the relationship of built-up areas of Golestan province with ground surface temperature using six landmarks including number of patches, largest patch index, shape index, nearest Euclidean distance, aggregation and Cohen examines. The selection of measures should be based on criteria such as independence between the measures. Statistical analysis of correlation between measures showed that there was no correlation between them. Landscape measurements were extracted by using Fragstats software. The results of Landscape analysis also showed that Gorgan city has the highest homogeneous structure and Maraveh Tepe city has the most inappropriate human-made structure. Landscape ecology studies are based on the importance of spatial structure on ecological processes. For this purpose, the statistical relationship between the structure and surface temperature of the earth was investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Surface temperature data were also extracted from the Madis sensor data. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the shape of the structure and the surface temperature. The man-made areas have a more complex shape and the surface temperature of these areas is higher than in other areas.
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
Bijan Dadras; Asghar Norouzi; Ramin Riahi
Abstract
The risk of earthquake has threatened human settlements ever since. Despite the advancement of science and technology in the present age, the humankind has not yet been able to accurately predict and counteract earthquakes. However, it is possible to minimize the devastations upon appropriate management. ...
Read More
The risk of earthquake has threatened human settlements ever since. Despite the advancement of science and technology in the present age, the humankind has not yet been able to accurately predict and counteract earthquakes. However, it is possible to minimize the devastations upon appropriate management. This study enquired in to the selection of temporary housing sites as a crisis management measure for earthquake victims in Borujen city. Therefore, based on library research and comments of experts and crisis management specialists, contributory factors and parameters to temporary housing sites selection were identified. The final weight of each factor was determined by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Model (AHP). The geographic information system (GIS) was used to prepare maps in different layers. Spatial and non-spatial data were combined by using the final weights of each of the factors and analyzed in the GIS, which resulted in the selection of the best places for temporary housing sites. The results of the paired comparisons showed that the geological parameter was the least important with the significance coefficient of 0.16 and the safety parameter was the most important with the coefficient of 0.376. Moreover, the results indicated that parks and green spaces and schools were the best places for establishing temporary housing sites for earthquake victims in the city of Borujen, whereas the required space for temporary housing sites in the central part of the city is hardly sufficient.
Science - Research
GIS
Camelia Alavi; Sedigheh Kianejad; Seyyedeh Alameh Sabbagh
Abstract
Tehran as the largest city in Iran, is one of the most polluted cities in the world, so necessity of accurate detection of contaminants and identifying contaminated areas for reducing their severity is obvious. The aim of this research was prepared Tehran air pollution map and determining the areas with ...
Read More
Tehran as the largest city in Iran, is one of the most polluted cities in the world, so necessity of accurate detection of contaminants and identifying contaminated areas for reducing their severity is obvious. The aim of this research was prepared Tehran air pollution map and determining the areas with the highest polluted. For studying air pollution situation in Tehran, after gathering concentration of 5 main Atmospheric pollutants (CO, NOx، SOx، O3، PM25) from 20 air pollutant recorder station, three Interpolation methods in ArcGIS software include: Kriging, radial basis function RBF and inverse distance weighted IWD have been used. In Additon, for comparing methods and selecting the best of them, root- mean- square error RMSE and the correlation coefficient R2 had been used. It determined that in most of parameters IDW had better accuracy for zoning pollution of the area by checking the RMSE values. For achieving results with using mentioned methods, map of air quality limits in the area was ready and by combining five maps and weighing them into each parameter, general pollution map of the area was prepared. Results showed that in Monoxide carbon pollution zoning map, most of the pollution was related to the unhealthy class, in Nitrogen Oxide and Ozone was related to very unhealthy class and in particle matter and sulfur oxide was related to unhealthy class. In final map also most portion was related to unhealthy class. Overlay Masudieh station with 1091 pollution weight had the most pollutants and dangerous weather conditions and Darrus station with 628 pollution weight had better position.
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
Hossein Hataminejad; Ahmad Pourahmad; Sara AllahGholipour
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to analyze the residential sustainability indicators in district 1 in region 9 of Tehran, which is part of the urban worn out texture. This research is an applied based on the purpose, & also it is done with descriptiveanalytical method. In line with the sample size, ...
Read More
The purpose of this research was to analyze the residential sustainability indicators in district 1 in region 9 of Tehran, which is part of the urban worn out texture. This research is an applied based on the purpose, & also it is done with descriptiveanalytical method. In line with the sample size, 325 households were selected from residents of District 1 residential blocks. Factor analysis was used for this purpose & also for testing the indicators. During the test process, 48 studied indicators were reduced to 32 indicator & rated to 6 main factors. Factor analysis results showed that the most important factors affecting urban housing sustainability were physical & design factor with weight of 0.705, social capital factor with weight of 0.694, security factor with weight of 0.673, environmental factors with weight of 0.711, accessibility factor with weight of 0.697 & infrastructure factor with weight of 0.731 respectively. Monitoring builders & paying attention to physical dimensions, raising awareness & educating residents to participate more, creating financial incentives, & considering public spaces & passages were the most important proposals] in this reserach.
Science - Research
Geography And Urben Planning
MohammadJavad Noori; Mehdi Mikaeili; Milad Mohammadi
Abstract
The major problem that urban plans are facing with is their lack of flexibility in the face of uncertainties which have made policies of strategic plans inefficient and have made the city vulnerable against possible futures that are ahead. These uncertainties have made the future studies an important ...
Read More
The major problem that urban plans are facing with is their lack of flexibility in the face of uncertainties which have made policies of strategic plans inefficient and have made the city vulnerable against possible futures that are ahead. These uncertainties have made the future studies an important topic, and have made urban planners to use different models of future studies to reduce the vulnerability of cities against future challenges. One of the most common future study methods is scenario planning which has helped planners overcome some of these uncertainties. With the advancement of computer technology related to scenario planning, Software such as scenario wizard provide the ability for urban planners to analyze different aspects of the city, driving leading factors of development and uncertainties associated with each factor and finally extract possible scenarios. The main objective of this study is to provide a framework for the application of scenario planning and scenario wizard software in the preparation city strategic plans. In this practical study, the city of Najafabad is case study and to promote research, surveys, and interviews with city officials has been done. The results show that urban governance, upper level management, higher education as well as the urban economy with subcategories such as sustainable agriculture, trade, industry, and tourism are key factors and driving the development of the city of Najafabad. In addition to these factors, the arrival of new technologies such as subway and the state of water resources are founded as events that affect development.
