environment
Leila Gheyrati Arani; reza mohajer
Abstract
The present article has tried to identify and cluster the drivers influencing the future state of the urban environment in the 22nd district of Tehran using the method of structural analysis. In terms of practical purpose, in terms of method, this research is a combination of documentary and survey methods, ...
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The present article has tried to identify and cluster the drivers influencing the future state of the urban environment in the 22nd district of Tehran using the method of structural analysis. In terms of practical purpose, in terms of method, this research is a combination of documentary and survey methods, and in terms of nature, it is based on the new methods of future research, analytical and exploratory science, which was carried out by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. . Theoretical data was prepared by documentary method and experimental data was prepared by survey method. The statistical population was 20 urban experts based on purposeful or judgmental sampling. 21 drivers have been processed in the form of 5 economic, socio-cultural, managerial and institutional, physical and environmental dimensions with the structural interaction analysis method in MICMAC software. The results of the research from the analysis of mutual effects indicate the dispersion of barriers in a complex and intermediate situation of effectiveness and effectiveness. The clustering system of obstacles indicates the concentration of driving forces in the area of independent propellants. Drivers of improving access to public transportation, using light and clean fuels, strengthening social and public participation in improving the urban environment, tightening laws and regulations to reduce air and water pollution, increasing the density of forest cover in the region, management Optimizing urban waste,
environment
Mahya Sadat Farazandehmehr; Seyed Mostafa Tayebi Sani; Soosan Sahami; Ali Fahiminejad
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to measure the sound level in urban spaces. For this purpose, the gardens located in District 4 of Tehran municipality were selected as pilot research. The equivalent level was first measured by Decibel X software version 2020 and compared with the audio standard (OSHA-90 ...
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The purpose of this research was to measure the sound level in urban spaces. For this purpose, the gardens located in District 4 of Tehran municipality were selected as pilot research. The equivalent level was first measured by Decibel X software version 2020 and compared with the audio standard (OSHA-90 dBA). Then, by creating a stepped sound level, users' protest observations were recorded. The innovation of this research is in choosing the location and measurement method. The lowest and highest sound pressure levels were 65.68 and 77.15 dB. Most of the studied parks have lower average sound levels than NIOSH, OSHA and ACGIH standards. However, all items (except Lavizan Forest Park and Sahel) have a sound level higher than the standard of the Environmental Protection Agency. Also for users, the average time spent in a day is 2 hours. On the other hand, the highest percentage of user responses (88% and 87%) are related to the desired sound level (65-67 decibels) and the annoying limit (79-85 decibels), respectively, which shows that most users agree on these two ranges. have. On the other hand, the lowest agreement in the answers (37%) is related to the very desirable limit (less than 65 decibels). Sports facilities in the parks of Region 4 have a relative standard in terms of noise pollution.
environment
Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi; Jahangir Biabani; Elnaz Arzaghi
Abstract
Migration, usually refers to permanent or long-term changes in the place of residence. This study aims to investigate the spatial analysis of internal migration in Iranian provinces during 2011-2016 with an emphasis on economic and environmental factors. For this purpose, the economic factors per capita ...
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Migration, usually refers to permanent or long-term changes in the place of residence. This study aims to investigate the spatial analysis of internal migration in Iranian provinces during 2011-2016 with an emphasis on economic and environmental factors. For this purpose, the economic factors per capita GDP, unemployment rate, poverty severity along with the environmental factor of (CO2) emissions were identified in the regression model. First, location (space and distance) was significant in internal migration data according to the Moran test at 95% level. Then, based on the variance inconsistency test and the rho-correlation statistical in the spatial lag model were confirmed. Therefore, spatial regression analysis was performed based on the spatial lag model. The results of spatial regression showed that the economic indicators per capita GDP, unemployment and poverty severity had a statistically significant effect on the net migration rate in the provinces. Unemployment and poverty severity had a negative effect and income had a positive effect on the net migration rate in the provinces. But CO2 emissions were positively correlated with the dependent variable.As greenhouse gas emissions of CO2 increase, so does air pollution. While one might expect that net migration and CO2 emissions would have a negative relationship, the descriptive statistics of net migration and average CO2 emissions show that, except for Khuzestan province, provinces with high CO2 emissions have also attracted more immigrants.This suggests that the CO2 emission index reflects the positive effects of industrialization in the provinces rather than the negative effects of air pollution.
environment
Abstract
Women make up almost half of the population living in cities. However, the issue of securing these segments at the community level is always a major challenge for architects and urban planners. One of the urban places that are used by urban dwellers in urban areas is the city's urban parks. Therefore, ...
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Women make up almost half of the population living in cities. However, the issue of securing these segments at the community level is always a major challenge for architects and urban planners. One of the urban places that are used by urban dwellers in urban areas is the city's urban parks. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying factors affecting women's insecurity in urban parks, seeking solutions to this problem and improving the conditions of such places. The results show that the effective factors in women's unsafe feeling in urban parks are categorized into, physical, Functional, social and perceptual-visual indicators. These factors includes vegetation density, spatial diversity, existence of extraneous and peripheral spaces, division of territory, proper furniture layout, being 24 hours use, proper entrance and exit location, proper routing in space, artificial care, the fame of a space, gender domination in parts of the park, visual communication with different parts of the park, proper lighting at night, brightness and clarity of space in the minds of people and the existence of physical safety in the park. The above items are a set of factors that can affect women's sense of security or insecurity towards the city park.
environment
Zeinab Mohseninia; Manouchehr Tabibian; Farah Habib
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to explain how to use quality performance enhancement to reflect the demands and tendencies of the people in promoting ecological security management in the city. In order to evaluate the performance of this technique, the Persian Gulf Martyrs-Lake recreation complex ...
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The purpose of this research was to explain how to use quality performance enhancement to reflect the demands and tendencies of the people in promoting ecological security management in the city. In order to evaluate the performance of this technique, the Persian Gulf Martyrs-Lake recreation complex in Tehran was studied as an example and 10 popular demands in economic, physical, social and environmental dimensions were revealed and by implementing of the quality performance enhancement technique and 15 optimal methods for satisfaction of the maximum requirements were suggested. The results indicated that it is possible to use the expansion of quality performance in conditions of uncertainty in order to reflect the wishes and desires of the people in urban spaces. Based on the implementation of this technique in the case study, the weight of increase in the number of benches and the installation of roofed pavilions in order to create shade and seating was 3.17. Depending on the type of activity (10.64), the installation of solar lamps for lighting and ambient lighting (10.27), have the highest relative weights. This confirms the high importance of physical and health dimensions in the management of ecological security from the perspective of research samples. The novelty of this study is in using quality performance development technique in improving urban ecological security management
environment
Behjat Mousavi; Mohsen Taban
Abstract
The current research was carried out with the aim of ecological evaluation of the waterbrims of the Zahra river, by examining 2 Km of the waterside area, which has the most connection with the surrounding urban environment. The research method is descriptive and analytical based on its nature and method. ...
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The current research was carried out with the aim of ecological evaluation of the waterbrims of the Zahra river, by examining 2 Km of the waterside area, which has the most connection with the surrounding urban environment. The research method is descriptive and analytical based on its nature and method. In this research, the successful examples of ecological waterbrims have been examined and after extracting the criteria of ecological evaluation, the scoring of the area has been done using field sampling, and the process of weighting the criteria into quantitative indicators in the form of AHP weighting model and using Expert Choice software. The results of the research showed that among the three environmental criteria, transportation services and physical environment, the environmental component with 40% has a more favorable situation than the other two factors, and the transportation service component has the lowest ecological evaluation score with 13%. However, obtaining scores lower than 50% shows the overall ecological weakness of this waterbrim. The innovation of this research is to identify the ecological development criteria in urban waterbrim areas by examining successful samples in this field and providing criteria to evaluate and improve the ecological quality of these areas.
environment
mahjabin radaei; Esmaeil Salehi; Mahshid Radaei
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to investigate the capabilities of the environment as a platform for human activities, to improve the relationship between man and nature, and to compensate for part of the current lost social interactions in the open spaces of residential complexes. The innovation of the ...
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The purpose of the study is to investigate the capabilities of the environment as a platform for human activities, to improve the relationship between man and nature, and to compensate for part of the current lost social interactions in the open spaces of residential complexes. The innovation of the research is emphasizing the importance of natural elements perception to create collective life in the body of urban settlements. This research is descriptive-analytical research in which the components affecting collective life in open spaces were investigated in three physical, functional, and semantic dimensions in the open spaces of residential complexes in region 1 of Yazd city. Sampling was purposeful and the data collection tool was based on 381 researcher-made questionnaires with a reliability coefficient and Cronbach's alpha value of 0.867, observation and presence in study spaces. The components affecting the perception of nature and natural elements were analyzed based on the sense of smell, visual, auditory, tactile, and motion-oriented senses, and mental images. The results indicated the existence of a significant positive relationship between the quality of open and public spaces, the perception of natural elements, and the collective viability of residential complexes.
environment
sara daz; Ata Gaffari Ghilandeh; Ali Azizi
Abstract
In this research, the images of Landsat satellite 5, 7 and 8 (in the years 1987, 2001 and 2014) are used respectively to examine the process of the changes in urban green space of Gorgan City. After doing the necessary pre-processing operations in the images, the maps of land use/cover for each year ...
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In this research, the images of Landsat satellite 5, 7 and 8 (in the years 1987, 2001 and 2014) are used respectively to examine the process of the changes in urban green space of Gorgan City. After doing the necessary pre-processing operations in the images, the maps of land use/cover for each year were provided in three classes including built-up, barren land and green spaces by using supervised classification method. The accuracy of the classification process was assessed later. The findings showed that the green space has decreased about 4.55 km2 during 1987 - 2001. In addition, built areas has increased during the years of 2001–2014 at the rate of 15.39% equivalent to 5.48 km2, while green space has decreased 1.98 km2. The finding resulted from examining the process of changes during the 27 years reveal that green space has decreased significantly despite the physical expansion of the city, so that it has reduced from 16.40 km2 in 1987 to 9.87 km2 in 2014. The findings of this research can be considered as an effective step towards better management of Gorgan’s urban green space.
environment
Behnaz Ebadolazadeh maleki; Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi; Saeid Piri; Mohamadreza Farzad Behtash
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the key and effective factors on the resilience threshold of urban spaces against earthquakes in Zanjan. The research method was descriptive-analytical. Statistical population of the study The statistical population included all experts and managers of Zanjan Municipality. ...
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The aim of this study was to identify the key and effective factors on the resilience threshold of urban spaces against earthquakes in Zanjan. The research method was descriptive-analytical. Statistical population of the study The statistical population included all experts and managers of Zanjan Municipality. A total of 27 people were selected as the sample size and were selected using purposive sampling method. The research tool was an expert questionnaire. Using the concept of resilience threshold and socio-ecological approach in studying the resilience of urban spaces is a research innovation. The results show that most of the indicators related to proper planning and design of communication network and its coordination with the ecological context have the highest driving force. Based on the output of the model, the effective indicators on the threshold of social-ecological resilience of urban spaces can be classified into 9 levels, which in a more comprehensive classification can be divided into three levels of basic, link and dependent indicators. Most of the basic indicators that are most important in the urban space resilience system are institutional variables, while the link indicators are related to the characteristics of the road network and the natural context of the urban space, and finally the related indicators refer to the physical and functional characteristics of the urban space.
environment
Ghobad Zarinmanesh; Forouzan Farrokhian
Abstract
The purpose of the current research was to identify the components of urban sustainability in the city of Likk, of the provinces of Kohgiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad, using a descriptive-analytical method. First, 36 indicators in 4 environmental, economic, social and physical dimensions of urban sustainability ...
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The purpose of the current research was to identify the components of urban sustainability in the city of Likk, of the provinces of Kohgiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad, using a descriptive-analytical method. First, 36 indicators in 4 environmental, economic, social and physical dimensions of urban sustainability were determined by using documents and opinions of 23 experts in the relevant field. In order to rank the factors, AHP and Expert Choice software were used. In the present study, the inconsistency rate of all pairwise comparisons was less than 0.1. Therefore, the consistency of the comparison matrix is acceptable. The innovation of the current research was to identify the indicators of sustainability in a small city with a geographical location and specific customs and culture, and to apply quantitative and qualitative criteria simultaneously and score and prioritize them. The findings showed that economic factors, environmental, physical, and social factors were important. Among the components or sub-criteria, income status and employment percentage were considered as the most important factors affecting urban sustainability. Therefore, the indicators of sustainability and their degree of importance in small cities are affected by the economic, social, environmental and physical conditions of those societies. Unbalanced growth of urbanization with inadequate urban infrastructure and lack of sufficient job opportunities cause urban instability. The process of sustainability is a multi-dimensional flow that should be avoided while paying attention to the improvement of the economic situation and the creation of public welfare, the destruction of resources, the destruction of the environment and social anomalies.
environment
Hasan Alizadeh; Mohammad Khalaj
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the vulnerable and resistant areas of alluvial areas of west of Tehran against seismic hazards. The research method included the study of important fractures, effective faults, the use of sediment diagrams of drilled boreholes and geotechnical data. Samples ...
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The purpose of this study was to determine the vulnerable and resistant areas of alluvial areas of west of Tehran against seismic hazards. The research method included the study of important fractures, effective faults, the use of sediment diagrams of drilled boreholes and geotechnical data. Samples were examined from two aspects of density and standard penetration test. Finally, an alluvial zoning map of the western regions of Tehran was prepared and plotted against seismic hazards. According to this study, the south-eastern part of the study area has the most impact in terms of intensification of seismic waves and its northern part does not have any intensification. In addition, due to the soil quality, the possibility of liquefaction in the study area is also important. Since the city of Tehran is based on alluvial formations, it is essential for designers and builders of civil engineering projects to examine the type and extent of alluviums and their response to seismic hazards in Tehran, as these data are used by planners to strengthen different urban areas and reduce seismic hazards. In this study, for the first time, the effect of seismic waves was evaluated based on the subsurface connections of faults with alluvial areas in the west of Tehran.
environment
farhad barandak
Abstract
The realization of sustainability is associated with the proper exploitation of resources and the balancing of man, community and nature. Meanwhile, today's urban conditions require planners to explore, analyze and evaluate the sustainability of cities in different ways. The aim of this study is to evaluate ...
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The realization of sustainability is associated with the proper exploitation of resources and the balancing of man, community and nature. Meanwhile, today's urban conditions require planners to explore, analyze and evaluate the sustainability of cities in different ways. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of some the biologicalperformance indicators of Isfahan urban areas with an emphasis on impressive components such as population, range and area, the amount of waste produced ,the amount of urban green spaces, trees and the amount of the raceway in Isfahan urban areas. The research method in this paper is a descriptive-analytical. In this regard, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model is used to describe and analyze existing situations.The statistical population includes the fourteen districts of Isfahan, based on official documents of the city.In accordance with Overall results in the CCR-O model, district 4 and 9 are full efficiency and district 5 has acceptable performance. In addition, in the BCC-O method, district 2, 12 and 13 have been added to the available efficient regions in the CCR-O model, also districts 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 14 have acceptable performance.
environment
Mahmoud Ananahad; Hamze Golamalizade; Farzaneh Asadi MalekJahan
Abstract
Urban neighborhoods have a special place in the minds of the citizens of the region due to individual and collective memories. Hence, the concept of habitation and its formation in the relationship between human and place is closely related to the fulfillment of human needs and behaviors. In this regard, ...
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Urban neighborhoods have a special place in the minds of the citizens of the region due to individual and collective memories. Hence, the concept of habitation and its formation in the relationship between human and place is closely related to the fulfillment of human needs and behaviors. In this regard, identity is an essential part of the sense of feeling and belonging that need to be considered in the design of residential environments. The general purpose of this study is to identify the elements that affect the sense of belonging to the place in order to approach the identity of residential units in urban neighborhoods. This study was carried out in the old and valuable neighborhood of Saghrysazan Rasht as a case study. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical based on logical reasoning as well as using a mixed strategy (qualitative-quantitative).In order to study indigenous houses and buildings, a questionnaire for measuring indicators was prepared and adjusted, after that it was distributed among 47 residents of this old texture. Then, the collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. The evaluation of the results showed there is a significant dependence among residents of old housing units over new apartments in the Saghrysazan neighborhood. The reasons for this issue included economic, cultural and infrastructure problems in the old texture, uniformity environment and high-rise building, decreasing in indigenous identity, lack of sense of collective life, Immigration, Lack of attachment to the environment, change the attitude of people to life.
environment
vahid safarian zengir; BATOL Zenali; Leyla Jafarzadeh Aliabad
Abstract
y in Ardabil province analyzed the precipitation data of 30 years from 1987 to 2016. Most of the precipitation occurred on 09/12/1991.Synoptic atmospheric maps of this date at a level of 500 Millibars were prepared by sea level elevation maps, geopotential heights, wind speed and direction, humidity, ...
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y in Ardabil province analyzed the precipitation data of 30 years from 1987 to 2016. Most of the precipitation occurred on 09/12/1991.Synoptic atmospheric maps of this date at a level of 500 Millibars were prepared by sea level elevation maps, geopotential heights, wind speed and direction, humidity, temperature, perceptible water on ground level and blocking (omega), using satellite images from NCEP/NCAR databases which Affiliating to the National Oceanographic Organization of the United States. The research method is a circular environmental approach. The results showed that in addition to the ground and climate conditions that have been effective in causing heavy rainfall during this history, the internal situation with the external pattern, such as the seas around and adjacent to Iran like the Black Sea and the Mediterranean has been affected. The monthly precipitation of Khalkhal station as a region that is more prevalent in the south of Ardebil province and southwest of the Caspian Sea in the three months of the spring season is more than February (1321/8 mm), March (1716.7 mm) and April (1448 mm). The most natural atmospheric hazards affected by heavy rainfall and flood damage in Khalkhal, inland, village, river and agricultural damages occurred during these months.
environment
Zohreh Roohipour; Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri; Mariyam Larijani; Alireza Mikaeili
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the establishing of nature school on urban livability in Pardisan Park in Tehran. The research was descriptive-analytical that its analysis was performed by using the Delphi technique. The results of research showed that environmental education ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the establishing of nature school on urban livability in Pardisan Park in Tehran. The research was descriptive-analytical that its analysis was performed by using the Delphi technique. The results of research showed that environmental education as a school of nature has a direct and indirect impact on the components of sustainable urban livability. Also, the amount of impact the whole dimension of nature schools for environmental, economic and social indicators was 0.538, 0.521 and 0.429, respectively. Therefore, the establishing and development of nature schools will improve the urban livability.In addition to this amount, the direct effect, which indicates the impact of the indicator on the livability without interfering with other indicators, is slightly different from the overall effect which indicating the direct and great impact of indicators on the livability.
environment
Behroz Sobhani; vahid safarian zengir; Rabab dyhm
Abstract
Thunderstorms rainfalls are a kind of unstable storms that are caused by an extremely strong abnormal state of atmospheric displacement and are one of the most important climatic phenomena in the northwest of the country.The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of thunderstorms ...
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Thunderstorms rainfalls are a kind of unstable storms that are caused by an extremely strong abnormal state of atmospheric displacement and are one of the most important climatic phenomena in the northwest of the country.The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of thunderstorms rainfalls in Ardabil province by using satellite images and Estimation of perceptible water. In this study, synoptic stations data, satellite imagery and MODIS bands 17 and 18 for Estimation of perceptible water were used. Images of thunderstorms rainfalls on 05.10.2010 and 18.06.2012 in ENVI4.4 software was processed and then they were interpolated in ArcGIS. Also, the results of interpolated field data revealed that the highest thunderstorms rainfalls are at Khalkhal station and lowest occurs in Meshkinshar station. In addition, thunderstorms rainfalls in the province in the spring and early summer lightning occurs. The results of the analysis of ground data and satellite imagery indicated this fact that the thunderstorms rainfalls derived from satellite imagery is far more accurate than data that obtained from the harvest of the earth. Also, maps of thunderstorms rainfalls can be extracted quickly and accurately, as well as using in the prediction of atmospheric hazards and optimal water resources planning in Ardabil province.
environment
Hosain Nazmfar; Ali eshgheichaharborj; Ahmad Esmaeili
Volume 9, Issue 17 , June 2018, , Pages 35-48
Abstract
Rapid urban growth in recent years for the world Created several problems. These issues affect not only the aspects of urban development has been the recent But also other issues such as social, cultural, economic and environmental well has had a significant impact. In order to solve this problem and ...
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Rapid urban growth in recent years for the world Created several problems. These issues affect not only the aspects of urban development has been the recent But also other issues such as social, cultural, economic and environmental well has had a significant impact. In order to solve this problem and many ideas which was conducted by experts and urban planners as the most important of these Smart growth strategy measures which is one of the newest and one of the most important ideas of sustainable urbanization. The aim of this study was smart urban growth indices in the city of Orumiyeh, with an emphasis on three dimensions: social, economic, physical (infrastructure) and environmental - accessible. The research method is descriptive- analytic. In this regard, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) for weighted indexes, And for leveling areas of the ELECTRE version is used. The results showed that a region with a score of (1) in the first place and the third and fourth with a score of (0), the second and in the end zone with a score of two (2) has been in third place. The results show that the urban areas of Urmia in proportion to the smart urban growth indicators, there are significant differences that need to be further development of the city, Pay special attention to deprived areas. By considering the results, Due to the smart urban growth pattern in four regions of Urmia is inevitable.
environment
Sahar Hasanpour
Volume 9, Issue 17 , June 2018, , Pages 63-74
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the ecological tolerance capacity of residential development in Semnan. The research approach was applied and its method was descriptive-analytic. Data were collected using the documentary method. The results of the calculations showed that the capacity to ...
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The present study was conducted to evaluate the ecological tolerance capacity of residential development in Semnan. The research approach was applied and its method was descriptive-analytic. Data were collected using the documentary method. The results of the calculations showed that the capacity to withstand land and water resources in Semnan, respectively, was 0.960091 and 0.003529, respectively, and was exceeded. Forecasting the population in the coming years also indicates that the capacity to withstand land resources will be completed in 1405, and the capacity to withstand water resources is already in crisis and at the frontier of warning, and in the coming years more severe Will also be. From the calculations, it can be concluded that the ecological tolerance for habitation in Semnan will not be stable in the coming years and will not be able to respond to the demand of the citizens and water.
environment
Mohammad Ali Firoozi; Mostafa Mohammadi Deh cheshme; Jafar Saeedi
Volume 8, Issue 15 , June 2017, , Pages 13-28
Abstract
Evaluation of environmental sustainability is inevitable because this is one of the most important tools in the planning process due to sustainable development policy making and planning. This research has a descriptive-analytical and applied method. The aim of study is to assess the environmental sustainability ...
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Evaluation of environmental sustainability is inevitable because this is one of the most important tools in the planning process due to sustainable development policy making and planning. This research has a descriptive-analytical and applied method. The aim of study is to assess the environmental sustainability indicators in Ahvaz Metropolis with emphasis on air pollution and industrial pollutions. To achieve the purpose, we have used the indices of AHP for scoring. To analyze spatial data, GIS software is used. To evaluate urban environmental sustainability, we have also emphasized on two indicators of air pollution and industrial pollutions. The findings of the research indicate that the city of Ahwaz has instable environmental conditions based on air pollution. One region with effect coefficient 0.326 has the highest weight and the second region with the weight 0.033 has the lowest rates of infection among other regions. The dust storms also affect the areas of the city of Ahwaz. Evaluation of industrial pollution also shows that eight regions of the city have the highest infection rate effect (0.331) and district one with effect coefficient of 0.024 has the lowest level of industrial pollution in the urban areas.
environment
Jila jadiSa; Kiumars Yarmoradi; Reza Kanooni; Morteza Heydari
Volume 8, Issue 15 , June 2017, , Pages 97-110
Abstract
The quality of environment is equal to quality of life and is one of the influential factors for sustainable development. Local governments could have a great influence on the urban environment management. The objective is to apply practical and implemented methods in descriptive-analytical research. ...
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The quality of environment is equal to quality of life and is one of the influential factors for sustainable development. Local governments could have a great influence on the urban environment management. The objective is to apply practical and implemented methods in descriptive-analytical research. The required data are gathered using questionnaires and face to face interviews with the residents with a volume of 374. Data analysis is done using SPSS software. The results indicate that the following indexes have more factor loadings: For participation index, the tendency to participate in environmental decisions for the neighborhood; for response index, the attention of authorities to improve the condition of your neighborhood environment; for effectiveness and efficiency index, the implemented municipal programs to reduce pollution (climate, water,…) in your neighborhood; for clarity index, the level of your awareness of the executed environmental programs and plans for your neighborhood; for responsibility index, the level of responsibility of the city managers regarding urban environmental protection; for rule of law index, the level of legal action taken by authorities for stopping local polluting agents; for justice and equality index, the level of access to open and green spaces and environmental spaces of the neighborhood.
environment
Esmaeel Salehi; Ahmadreza y/avri; Farane Vakili; Parasto Parivar
Volume 7, Issue 13 , June 2016, , Pages 67-80
Abstract
Increasing population has disrupted the order of nature and led to restructuring of the original land. In recent years, in order to prevent the horizontal growth of cities, the idea of constructing high-rise buildings in cities around the world such as Tehran metropolis has been proposed. One of the ...
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Increasing population has disrupted the order of nature and led to restructuring of the original land. In recent years, in order to prevent the horizontal growth of cities, the idea of constructing high-rise buildings in cities around the world such as Tehran metropolis has been proposed. One of the negative impacts of high-rise building is the change in urban wind flow. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of high-rise buildings on the performance of urban wind flow using an inductive-comparative method. In this study, District 22 in Tehran was selected as the case study due to its increasing trend of high-rise construction. The findings of the study showed that the natural pattern of wind flow changed due to the incorrect and non-normative positioning of tall buildings; thereby, this led to the secondary effects resulted from stagnation or intensification of wind flow causing serious problems for air inlet corridor of Tehran. Therefore, appropriate principles and criteria for both the site location as well as the assessment of high-rise building observed by urban managers seem to provide bases for accurate management actions and reduce the side effects.
environment
Abolfazl Meshkini; Sohrab Moazzen; Mostafa Norouz
Volume 6, Issue 12 , November 2015, , Pages 17-32
Abstract
In recent decades, the quality of the urban environment has become one of the key issues in human environment studies. Measuring quality can be done not only on the basis of the objective environment but also on the basis of individuals’ perception of the environment to which they belong. In this ...
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In recent decades, the quality of the urban environment has become one of the key issues in human environment studies. Measuring quality can be done not only on the basis of the objective environment but also on the basis of individuals’ perception of the environment to which they belong. In this regard, the environment quality can be also based on the satisfaction of citizens. Therefore, it is required to investigate how individuals consider the quality of the place where they live. This study aimed to assess the quality of the urban environment in Ajabshir, Ilkhichi, Malekan and Azarshahr and also investigate the status of these four cities in terms of quality indicators of the urban environment in order to identify the factors influencing the quality satisfaction in the urban environment. The research method was based on multivariable regression analysis known as the experimental model of measuring environment quality. In accordance with the results gained, the quality of the urban environment in the four cities was lower than the average. Moreover, according to the specific characteristics of small cities regarding social matters and the relationship between citizens, the content quality characteristic of these cities was in good condition. Totally, among the factors affecting the quality of the urban environment, the highest rank belonged to the quality of the residential environment.
environment
Behrooz Sarie Sarraf; Tahereh Jalali Ansaroodi; Fatemeh Sarafrouzeh
Volume 6, Issue 12 , November 2015, , Pages 33-48
Abstract
Global Warming is now one of the most important environmental issues. In the present study, in order to reveal the effect of global warming on the climate of cities located in the Urmia Lake basin, the changes in 14 climatic variables were evaluated through Mann-Kendall test and least of squares error ...
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Global Warming is now one of the most important environmental issues. In the present study, in order to reveal the effect of global warming on the climate of cities located in the Urmia Lake basin, the changes in 14 climatic variables were evaluated through Mann-Kendall test and least of squares error test in three time scales: annual scale, wet season scale and dry season scale. The results indicated that according to the tests done the minimum, maximum and average temperatures increased in both annual and seasonal time scales. The average temperature of the area increased by 0.06 degree Celsius annually and the maximum rate of increase was about 0.13 degree Celsius per year in Maraghe. The temperature of very hot days (with a maximum of 30 degree Celsius or more) increased and the temperature of very cold days (with a minimum of -4 degree Celsius or less) decreased. Total rainfall and the amount of heavy precipitation decreased. The average rainfall in the region declined by about 4 mm a year. The wind speed parameter showed negative, positive and stable trends in the area under study, but the relative humidity was negative in most stations. In general, the results of Mann-Kendall and Least-squares error methods were consistent. Overall, the trend of climatic elements was in line with the latest findings of the intergovernmental panel on climate change.
environment
Saeed Jahanbakhsh; Batool Zeinali; Sayyad Asghari
Volume 5, Issue 10 , October 2014, , Pages 85-98
Abstract
Dust is one of the atmospheric phenomena that it leaves undesirable environmental effects and consequences such as threat to public health, decline of economic production, resident dissatisfaction and finally forced migration in urban and rural areas. Therefore, the purpose of this review is classification ...
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Dust is one of the atmospheric phenomena that it leaves undesirable environmental effects and consequences such as threat to public health, decline of economic production, resident dissatisfaction and finally forced migration in urban and rural areas. Therefore, the purpose of this review is classification of Iran in terms of frequency of dust storms and determining of critical regions, provinces and cities for national and international planning. For this purpose was used dust hourly data, annual average and maximum data of wind velocity and MODIS images. FCM is used method in this research that is using for regional frequency extremely. According to results, Iran classified in 5 clusters. Cluster5 reclassified to 3 clusters because of its wide range. Maximum cores of dust storms are Zabol station (cluster 1), Abadan, Kenarak, Ahvaz and Zahedan (cluster 2), Dezfol, Bandar Mahshahr, Bostan, Masjed Soleyman, Bushehr, Khash, Iranshahr(cluster 3) and Minimum core of storm (cluster 5-3) is consisting of The North, North-West Iran, the Zagros elevations and North West of Northern Khorasan. According to the results of clustering, Khuzestan and Sistan va Baluchistan provinces are in zoning large, very large and critical dust storms that are required of national and international planning.
