تحلیل فضایی مطلوبیت فضاهای عمومی پیرامون حرم عبدالعظیم حسنی (ع) شهر ری با رویکرد پایداری

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

2 دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

3 دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل شاخص‌های مطلوبیت در فضاهای عمومی پیرامون حرم عبدالعظیم حسنی (ع) در منطقه 20 شهرداری تهران است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌های پژوهش پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته می‌باشد که پایایی آن با آزمون آلفای کرونباخ با ضریب 781/0 تأیید شده است. جامعة آماری تشکیل شده از حدود 1200 نفر از کسبة محدوده مورد مطالعه بوده که از میان آن‌ها تمامی کسبه‌ای (75 نفر) که بیش از 20 سال سابقة کسب در محل داشته‌اند، انتخاب گردیدند. نمونه‌های تحقیق، 25 شاخص مطلوبیت فضا را که در سه بعد کالبدی- محیط زیستی، اجتماعی – فرهنگی و اقتصادی در طیف‌‌ لیکرت دسته‌بندی شده‌اند، مورد ارزیابی قرار دادند. برای آزمون تی تک نمونه‌ای از نرم‌افزار SPSS و ابزار میان‌یابی از Kriging و نیز Symbology در سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی برای تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. تلفیق تحلیل موضوعی و موضعی (فضایی) روش بدیعی بوده که در این پژوهش اجرا گردید. نتایج پژوهش دلالت بر سطح متوسط مطلوبیت دارند. با اینکه برخی از شاخص‌های بعد اجتماعی- فرهنگی مثل امنیت اجتماعی بسیار پایین هستند، در مجموع در این بعد، مطلوبیت فضا بالاتر است. اقدامات صورت گرفته بیش‌تر کالبد فضا را هدف قرار داده‌اند. ولی موضعی بودن اقدامات و بی‌توجهی به میراث فرهنگی و غفلت از ضرورت پیوند با گذشته و هویت مکان سبب شده که این اقدامات حتی در بعد اخیر نیز سطح رضایت‌بخشی از مطلوبیت فراهم نیاورند. در ارتقای مطلوبیت فضاهای مورد مطالعه، هماهنگی و مشارکت سیاست‌گذاران، برنامه‌ریزان و مدیریت شهری از یک سو تولیت آستان و اداره اوقاف از سوی دیگر و ذی‌نفعان (کسبه محل) ضرورت حتمی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial analysis of desirability of public spaces around Abdolazim Hassani ‎shrine in Shar-e Rey viewed from sustainability approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Habibollah Fasihi 1
  • Ali Movahhed 2
  • Taher ParizadiParizadi 3
  • Babak Abbasi-e Kadijan 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography & Tourism Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Human Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to analyze the indicators of desirability in public spaces around of Abdolazim Hassani shrine in District 20 of Tehran Municipality. The data was obtained by a questionnaire. Sample people including 75 business men who have occuppied in the study area for at least 20 years, were selected among the total 1200 people as the responders. They should have evaluated 25 indicators of the space desirability which are classified into physical-environmental, social–cultural, and economic dimensions in accordance to the Likert ranges. One Sample t-Test in SPSS software and Kriging tools in GIS were used to analyze the data. Combining subjective and spatial analysis is the novelty of this research. Findings indicate an average level of desirability. Although some indicators of the socio-cultural dimension, such as social security, are very low, in this dimension, the desirability of the space is in higher level. The measures taken have mostly targeted physical dimension of the space. However, very few actions, and ignoring the cultural heritage and neglecting the need to connect with the past and the identity of the place, have caused these measures, even in the dimension, do not provide a satisfactory level of desirability. In order to promote the desirability of the studied spaces, participation of policy makers, planners and urban management on the one hand, and the managers of the shrine, the Vaqf organization, and the stakeholders (local merchants) on the other hand are essential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public Space
  • Function of Space
  • Desirability
  • Sustainability
  • District 20 of Tehran
Bentley, I. (1990). Ecological Urban Design .Architects Journal, 192, 69-71.
Brandferi, H. (2013). Urban design towards a sustainable form of the city. Translated by H. Bahraini. Tehran: Urban Planning and Processing Company Publications.
Barvao, L. (2022). Cities and human settlements with quality public Spaces. Global Platform for the Right to City.
Behzadfar, M., Fotoohi-e Asl, F. & Abdolhosseinzadeh, P. (2017). Evaluating the responsiveness of social, functional and environmental indicators of sustainability in assessing the situation and finding solutions for urban neighborhoods; the case: Deh Vanak neighborhood, Tehran. Danesh-e Sharhsazi, 1(1), 1-19.  Doi: 10.22124/UPK.2018.9351.1042
Carmona, M. (2021). Public Places Urban Spaces, The Dimensions of Urban Design., England: Routledge Publication
Darakhsheshnia, R., Hezar, M., Jafari, Sh. & Alizadeh, K. (2014). Environmental responsibility based on the principles of sustainable urban development (Case study: Imam Reza Garden in Koh Sangi Street, Mashhad). 6th National Conference on Urban Planning and Management, Mashhad, November 21 - 22, 2014, 1-18. (In Persian)
Dietrich, U., & Kirchberg Erto, G. (2017). Livable public spaces: Criteria for assessment and design. The Sustainable City. WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, Vol. 223, Doi:10.2495/SC170241
Erkip, F. (1997). The distribution of urban public space services, the case: parks and recreational services in Ankara. Cities, 14(6), 353-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-2751(97)00026-7
Fasihi, H., Parizadi, T., & Karami, T. (2019). Evaluating the role of walk ways in the vitality of public spaces, a case study of the Haram walk way in Shahr-e Rey. Sustainable City , 2(4), 1-15. (In Persian)
Gehl. J. (2013). George Street Concept DesignArchitects. Urban Quality Consultant. Available from: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/511580838909790862
Gholami, M., Saberi, H., & Toghyani, Sh. (2023). Spatial analysis of the desirability of urban space: case study: Municipality Districts of Ahvaz.. Territoral Arrangement of land, 16(61), https://civilica.com/doc/1766610. (In Persian)
Giada, M., & Baldassarre, D. (2020). Resilience and public space: Quality combination for the contemporary city. Resilience between Mitigation and Adaptation, 3(8), 130-143. DOI:10.19229/978-88-5509-096-4/382020
Guan, X. (2023). The development and transformation of public space from the perspective of spatial flow, in: Chen et al. (Eds.): ICMETSS 2023, ASSEHR 693, 141–148. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-45-9_ 18
Habibi, A., Gadami, M.J., & Hedayat-Nejad Kash, S.M. (2020). Investigating the quality of urban space with an emphasis on social justice using the ANP technique, the case: Darabad neighborhood of Tehran. Geographic Territorial Arranegement of the the Space, 10(35), 259-239. (In Persian)
Karimi, M. & Souzanchi, K.(2018). Promoting social sustainability in public spaces through physical approaches. First International Conference on Future of Urban Public Space, Tehran, Iran, 299-312.
Kozlova, L.V. & Kozlov, V.V. (2018). Principles of improvement of large city public space (by example of Irkutsk city), IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering: 1-9, doi:10.1088/1757-899X/262/1/012228
Lipton, S. (2003). The value of public space: how high quality parks and public spaces create economic, social and environmental value. Available from: www.cabespace.org.uk.
Latifi, Gh. & Maghbool-e Eqbali, M.(2019). Analyzing the quality of central public spaces in Tehran and its consequences on urban well-being. Social Development Welfare Planning, 10(39), 111-144. (In Persian)
Lorenzo, M., Ríos-Rodríguez, M.L., Suárez, B., Hernández, E., & Rosales, C. (2023). Quality analysis and categorisation of public space, Heliyon, 9(3), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13861
Mardomo, K. & Ghamari., H. (2011). Requirements of influential architecture in the sociability of metro spaces. Urban Management, 27, 40-31. (In Persian)
Mandeli, K. (2019). Public space and the challenge of urban transformation in cities of emerging
economies: Jeddah case study, Cities, 95, 102409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.102409
Maroofi, S. & Bayazidi, Gh. (2020). Explaining and analyzing the sustainability of public spaces and measuring the factors affecting Them (case study: Family Park in Mahabad city, Iran). Environmental Research, No. 51, 204-230. (In Persian)
Massam, B. (1975). Location and space in social Administration. . Edward Arnold Publication.
Middleton, M. J. & Midgley, C. (1997). Avoiding the demonstration of lack ofability: an under explored aspect of goal theory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(4), 710-718. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.89.4.710
Ministry of Roads and Urban Development (2018). Encyclopedia about History of Architecture and Urban Planning of Iranian Cities. Received: 4/10/2022 from: http://news.mrud.ir (In Persian)
Moein, M. (1997). Moein Persian Dictionary. Tehran: Amirkabir Publication Institue. (In Persian)
Movahed, A., Ahangari, N. & Hosseini, F. (2015). Investigating the functions of urban public spaces and Their roles in sustainable social development (case study: Bukan city, Iran). Local Development, 7(1), 79-102. (In Persian) Doi:10.22059/JRD.2015.58435
Omidiyan Kalashgarani, L., Saqafi Asl, A.,Sattari Sarbanqoli, H. & Framramarzi, M. (2022). An analysis of the desirability of social functions of urban spaces: a case study on district 12 of Tehran Metropolis. Urban Structure and Function Studies, 31(9), 151-169. 10.22080/USFS.2022.22477.2197
Perovic, S., & Folic, N.K. (2012). Visual perception of public open spaces in Niksic. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 68, 921- 933. DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.12.277
Pourahmad, A., & Vafaei A. (2018). The effect of modernism on the physical-spatial structure of the Iranian-Islamic city (case study: Kashan city). Iranian-Islamic Cities , 7(28), 76-63.‎(In Persian)
Rahmati, L. (2018). Explanation and evaluation of factors affecting the desirability of an urban square, case study: Saat Square in Tabriz Iran. Spatial Planning Scientific-Research (Geography), 8(4), 72-88. (In Persian)
Sadeghi, A., Shahvaran, F. & Dadgar, M.(2021). Improving the quality of urban public spaces based on the analysis of behavioral camps and the way of observing behavior (the case: Jelokhan space of Vakil Mosque, Shiraz). Sustainable City Architecture, 9(1), 151-171. (In Persian)
Safavi, S.A. (2017). The arrangement of Abdul Azim shrine street. Interview as the mayor of Distric 20 of Tehran municipality. Retrieved 4/15/2022 from: https://www.iribnews.ir (In Persian)
Sajjadi, J. & Kalantari, B. (2016). The role of public space in the formation of a citizen-oriented city (case study: Shafaq Park, Yousef Abad neighborhood, Tehran, Iran). Urban Planning Studies , 11(3), 75-103. (In Persian)
Salama, A.M. & Azzali, S. (2015). Examining attributes of urban open spaces in Doha. Urban Design and Planning, 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/udap.14.00011
Sharepoor, M. (2016). The right to the city and it’s urban public spaces. People and Culture, 1(2), 50-64. (In Persian)
Soleimani, A., Hosseinzadeh, R., Safaralizadeh, I. & Aghaei, N. (2018). Assessing the desirability of designing urban spaces for the physically disabled with an urban sustainability approach, a case study: walk ways of Urmia city, Iran. Journal of Urban Ecology Research, 9(2), 134-117. (In Persian)
 Szczepańska, A., & Pietrzyk, K. (2020). An evaluation of public spaces with the use of direct and remote methods, Land, 9(11), 419-506. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9110419
 Tamjidi, Z., Saeeda-Zarabadi, Z. & Habib, F. (2022). Identifying the effective components on improving the quality of urban public spaces for children based on the conceptual model of the right to the city (case study: Tehran). Urban Studies, 11(44), 115-130. Doi: 4.2022.J011/34785.1 (In Persian)
Tibalds, F. (1992). Making people friendly towns, improving the public environment in towns and cities. Logman: Harlow.
Trillo, C. (2017). Qualty of public spaces and sustainable urban development: success and failure in fighting social exclusion. Int. J. Sus. Dev. Plann , 12 (4), 829-838.
Vallance, S., Perkins, H. C.و & Dixon, J. E. (2011). What is social sustainability? A clarification of concepts. Geoforum, 42(3), 342–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2011.01.002
Zekavat, K.و & Dehghan, Y.S. (2016). Place creation management model and quality building components in the public arena. Armanshahr Architecture and Urbanism, 17, 224-215. (In Persian)