سنجش کیفیت محیطی در فضاهای عمومی شهری و بررسی ارتباط آن با سلامت روان سالمندان، مطالعه موردی: محلات منطقه 4 شهر رشت

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

سلامت روانی افراد به‌طور قابل‌توجهی تحت تأثیر محیط زندگی قرار دارد و سازمان بهداشت جهانی نیز بر اهمیت این موضوع تأکید می‌کند. عدم توجه به تأثیر محیط بر سلامت روان شهروندان، به‌ویژه سالمندان، می‌تواند منجر به بروز مشکلات روانی و جسمانی مانند اضطراب، استرس، پرخاشگری و افسردگی شود. به همین منظور، پژوهش حاضر با هدف سنجش کیفیت محیطی فضاهای عمومی در سطح محلات منطقه 4 شهر رشت و بررسی ارتباط آن با سلامت عمومی (جسمی و روانی) سالمندان به انجام رسید. این تحقیق از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی، از نظر روش، توصیفی - تحلیلی و از جهت روش گردآوری داده‌ها، اسنادی و پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش، سالمندان ساکن در منطقه 4 شهرداری رشت انتخاب گردید. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 400 نفر برآورد شد. برای ارزیابی سلامت روان سالمندان از پرسشنامه (GHQ-28) و برای سنجش کیفیت محیطی فضاهای عمومی شهر از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده گردید. همچنین با استفاده از آزمون­‌های آماری همبستگی پیرسون و واریانس یک طرفه (ANOVA) به تحلیل داده‌ها پرداخته شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که بین مقیاس اختلال در مؤلفه‌های سلامت عمومی (جسمی و روانی) سالمندان و متغیرهای پیاده محوری با ضریب (589/0-)، امنیت و آسایش با ضریب (634/0-)، مبلمان شهری با ضریب (636/0-)، کیفیت محیط و منظر با ضریب (620/0-) و شاخص دسترسی به فضاهای عمومی و خدمات محلی با ضریب (657/0-)، رابطه و همبستگی معنادار و معکوس وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Measuring the Environmental Quality in Urban Public Spaces and Investigating its Relationship with the Mental Health of the Elderly Case Study: Neighborhoods in Region 4 of Rasht City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Shabanpour 1
  • Ata Ghafari Gilandeh 2
  • Aireza Mohamadi 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

People's mental health is significantly affected by their living environment, and the World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of this issue. Not paying attention to the impact of the environment on the mental health of citizens, especially the elderly, can lead to mental and physical problems such as anxiety, stress, aggression and depression.The current research was carried out with the aim of measuring the environmental quality of public spaces at the level of neighborhoods in Region 4 of Rasht city and investigating its relationship with the general health (physical and mental) of the elderly.This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and documentary and survey-based in terms of data collection methods.The statistical population of the research comprised elderly residents in District 4 of Rasht Municipality.The sample size was estimated to be 400 people using the Cochran formula.To assess the mental health of the elderly, the GHQ-28 questionnaire was used, and to evaluate the environmental quality of urban public spaces, a researcher-made questionnaire was employed. Additionally, data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and one-way ANOVA statistical tests.The research findings showed that between mental health variables with pedestrian-oriented variables with a coefficient(-0/589), security and comfort with a coefficient(-0/634), urban furniture with a coefficient(-0/636), environment quality and landscape with a coefficient(-0/620) and index of access to public spaces with coefficient(-0/657) there is a significant and inverse relationship and correlation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Quality
  • Public Spaces
  • Psychological Health
  • Elderly
  • Rasht City
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