تحلیل الگوی مکانی آلاینده‌های ذرات معلق فرین در تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه سنجش ازدور، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مخاطره آلودگی هوای شهرها در قرن حاضر چالش اصلی بسیاری از ‌‌کلان‌شهرهای دنیا از جمله تهران است. در حال حاضر این شهر به سبب شرایط خاص مدیریتی و محیطی واجد شرایطی از آلودگی هوا است که به اعتقاد بسیاری از صاحبظران در مسیر حرکت از مخاطره محیطی به بحران زیست‌محیطی قرار دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر در گام نخست، نمایش الگوی مکانی فرین‌های ذرات معلق 5/2 و 10 میکرونی و مسیر گسترش آن‌ها در شهر تهران بوده و در نهایت شناخت مناطق آلوده می‌باشد. برای دستیابی به هدف پژوهش روش‌های مختلف تعیین توزیع احتمال وقوع، برای انتخاب روزهای فرین استفاده گردید. در این راستا روش‌های درون‌یابی زمین آماری و جبری جهت ایجاد الگوی مکانی فرین آلاینده‌ها مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که برای تمام روزها و آلاینده‌های ذرات معلق 5/2 و 10 میکرونی روش‌های توابع شعاع محور بهترین نتیجه را داشته است. از لحاظ الگوی مکانی فرین آلاینده‌ها ذرات معلق 10 میکرونی از غرب به شرق کشیده شده و این درحالی است که الگوی مکانی ذرات معلق 5/2 میکرونی از شمال به جنوب کشیده شده است. در روزهایی که دو آلاینده در حد فرین بوده‌اند، آلودگی تقریباً تمام شهر را احاطه کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Spatial Pattern of Extreme Particulate Materials in Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raheleh Saniei 1
  • Ali zangiabadi 2
  • Mohamad Shrifikia 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Remote Sensing, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In recent century, the air pollution hazard in the cities is a major challenge for the world's metropolises including Tehran. Currently, this city, due to special management and environmental features has the necessary requirements of air pollution and as acknowledged by many experts, its situation is changing from environmental hazard to environmental crisis. The aim of this study is, showing the extreme spatial pattern of Particulate Matter (PM)2.5 and PM10 microns in a first step and its expansion path in Tehran and, ultimately identifying polluted areas. To achieve the above goals, the daily Air Quality Index (AQI) data were collected. The various methods of determining the distribution of probability, was used to select the days of high extreme value. In this regard, geostatistical and deterministic interpolation methods and to make spatial pattern of high extreme values of PM was tested. The findings demonstrate that radial basis function (RBF) interpolation outperformed other methods across all study days and for both PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ concentrations. The spatial pattern of emissions of PM10 microns drawn from West to East and of northern and northeastern have better spatial pattern of PM2.5while drawn from north to south. On days when two pollutants are at their extreme surround almost the entire city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air Pollution
  • Particulate Matter
  • Spatial Pattern
  • Extreme Value Analysis
  • Tehran

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 دی 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 اسفند 1403

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