تحلیل ویژگی های مکانی - زمانی گسترش شهری مناطق شهر شیراز در بازه زمانی 1385تا 1391

امانپور, سعید; غلامی, سمیه; غفارزاده, فرحناز

تحلیل ویژگی های مکانی - زمانی گسترش شهری مناطق شهر شیراز در بازه زمانی 1385تا 1391

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشگاه شهید چمران

² دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

یکی از عملیات ضروری در مطالعات جغرافیایی شهرها، تجزیه‌وتحلیل رشد شهری با استفاده از داده‌های زمانی- مکانی میباشد. در این زمینه می‌توان با استفاده از شاخص‌های آماری، گسترش افقی و رشد شهرها را اندازه‌گیری نمود. هدف اصلی این مقاله دیده‌بانی رشد شهری برای مناطق 9 گانه شهر شیراز در بازه زمانی 85تا91 و کمی‌سازی درجه آزادی رشد شهری، درجه گسترش افقی بی‌رویه شهری و درجه خوب‌بودن رشد شهری است. به این منظور، از آزمون کای اسکور پیرسن برای بررسی درجه آزادی شهر و از آنتروپی شانون برای تعیین درجه اسپرال شهری استفاده شده است و درنهایت درجه خوب‌بودن رشد شهری بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که درجه آزادی کلی رشد شهری برای کل شهر بالا می‌باشد. در دوره زمانی 88تا89 رشد ساخت‌وساز مشاهده‌شده از رشد ساخت‌وساز موردانتظار پایین‌تر است و نیز در منطقه1، رشد مشاهده‌شده با رشد موردانتظار در ساخت‌وساز شهری برابر می‌باشد. آنتروپی شانون کلی نیز با در نظر گرفتن کل شهر بیانگر متمرکزبودن آن می‌باشد و درنهایت آنالیز درجه خوب شهری، نشان می‌دهد که رشد شهر شیراز در دوره زمانی مذکور مطلوب بوده است و میزان آن در همه مناطق مثبت می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.25383930.1394.6.11.1.0

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban expansion areas of the Shiraz city (Period "1391-1385")

نویسندگان [English]

Saeed Amanpour ¹
Somayeh Gholami ¹
Farahnaz Ghafarzadeh ²

¹ Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

² Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

چکیده [English]

One of the essential functions in geografialy urban studies by using of spatial and temporal data is urban growth analysis. In this context, urban horizontal expansion can be measured by statistical indicator. The main objective of this article is monitoring of growth of 9 urban areas, quantifying the degree of urban free growth, the degree of uncontrolled urban expansion, and the benefits of urban growth for a period of years 85-91, in the Shiraz city. To achieve this goal, the K-Score Pearson test is used for measuring the degree of city expansion, and Shannon Entropy is used for the degree of city sprawl, and finally the degree of urban growth was surveyed. These dimensions were measured for both the period of 85-91 and 9areas of Shiraz. Results show that the degree of freedom for a period of time is high. In the period of 88-89 observed growth of construction was less than expected. In area 1 the observed growth is equal to the expected growth. By considering the whole city, the general Shannon Entropy also shows concentration. In the end, the analysis of city benefits indicates that Shiraz has experienced a favorable positive city growth in all regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

urban sprawl
Shannon entropy model degrees of freedom
City
GIS
Shiraz

مراجع

Reference
1. Abbas Zadeh, Q. (2004), Modeling the physical growth of urban texture with the purpose of sustainable development; A case study of Mashhad. M.A. Thesis: Ferdowsi Mashhad University: 23.
2. Alberti, M. (2005), The effects of urban patterns on ecosystem function. Int. Reg. Sci. Rev. 28(2): 168-192.
3. Almeida, C.M., A.M.V., Mara. G., Soares - Fillho, B.S., Cerqueira, G.C., Pennachin, C.S.L., et al. (2005), Simulation of urban Land-use change. International Hournal of Remote Sensing, 26(4): 759-774.
4. Anderson, W. P, Kanaroglou, P.S and Miller, E.I. (1996), Urban Form, Energy and the Environment, aReview of Issuse and Policy, Urban Studies, Vol.33, No.1: 7-35.
5. Athar, Kamal. (2000), To the Effectiveness of Government Intervention in Urban Land Maeket, Housing Economics Quarterly, No. 30: 237-245.
6. Azimi, N. (2014), The geographical analysis of urban form patterns in Iran. Scientific-Research Journal, Urban Studies.
7. Aziz Poor, M. et al. (2009), The investigation of the relationship between Yazd rapid horizontal growth and movements of population in Yazd. Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning. Year 20, Serial number 34, No.2: 105-104
8. Azizi, M.M. (2003), Urbanism density, principles and criteria of urban density determination. Tehran: Tehran university publication.
9. Babaee Eghdam, F. (2007), An analysis of spatial patterns of urban fringes; The case study of Shiraz. PHD Thesis, Tabriz University.
10. Bassam s., & samih A.R. (2007), Study of urban expansion in Jordanian cities using GIS and remote sensing, International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 5, 1: 41-52.
11. Blais, P. (1996), The Economics of Urban Form, Grater Toronto Area Task Force Berridge Lewinberg Dark Gabor Ltd. 8.
12. Boontere, C.A. (2011), Stability tests of urban physical from indicators: the case of European cities, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences21 (2011): 336-345.
13. Ellis, C. (2013), History of cities and City Palnning Last acccsscd Scpt. 20, 2013: http: //www.art.net/Hopkins/Don/simcity/manual/history.html.
14. Ewing, Reid & Tom Schmid, Richard Killingsworth, Amy Zlot & Stephen Ruadenbush. (2003), Relationship Between Urban Sprawl and Physical of Health Promotion, September/ October 2003, Vol.18, No.1: 47-57.
15. Farid, Y. (1989), Geography and investigating city. Tabriz University.
16. Gharakhloo, M. & Zanganeh, S. (2009), The recognition of skeletal-spatial growth pattern of City using quantitative models (The case study of Tehran). Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning, Vol. 2.
17. Ghorbani, R. (2004), Density and organization of urban spaces; the case study of Tabriz. PHD Thesis, Tabriz University.
18. Grimm, N.B., Feath, S.h., Golubiewski, N.E., Redman, C.L., Wu, J., Bai, X., et al. (2008), Global change and the ecology of cities. Science319 (5864): 760-756.
19. Habibi, S.H. (1996), Fram Shaar to City, University of Tehran Publications.155-157
20. Hekmatniya, H. & Moosavi, M. (2006), The application of model in Geography with an emphasis on urban and regional planning. Modern science publications, Yazd: 129
21. Hesam, M. (2013), The environmental effects of horizontal expansion of the city; The case study of Gorgan, Thirty nine years Ecology Journal, 3: 91-104.
22. Hess, G.R. (2001), "Just What is Sorawl, Anyway?", ww.ncs.edu/grhessGeoinformation 5: 29-39.
23. Huiping liuo, Qiming Zhou. (2005), Developing urban growth prediction from spatial indicators based on multi-temporal images, Computers, Environment and urban systems, 29: 580-594.
24. Ibrahim Zade, I. & Rafiyi, Q. et al. (2009), An analysis of the pattern of skeletal-spatial development of Marv Dasht using Shannon Entropy and Holdern models and presenting pattern of desirable future development. Journal of Urban Geography studies, Vol. 69: 25-49.
25. Ibrahim Zade, I. (2010), An analysis of the physical expansion and growth of Aspral Tabas after earthquake using Entropy Holdern. Journal of Geography and Development, Vol. 19: 123-138.
26. Ibrahim, A. (1997), "Investingation of the Relationship between Urban Spatial Structire and Travel Demand in the GTA" , A thesis submitted in conformity with there quirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Civil Engineeringm, University of Toronto: 139.
27. Jenks, M. & N. Dempsey. (eds.) (2005), “Future Forms and Design for Sustainable Cities". Architectural Press, Elsevier, Amsterdam: 444.
28. Jieng Xiao, Yanjun Shen, Jingfeng Ge, Ryutaro Tateishi, Changyuan Tang,Yanqing Liang, Zhiying Huang. (2006), Evaluating urban expansion and land use change in Shijiazhuang China by using GIS and remote sensing, Landscape and urban palnning, 75: 69-80.
29. Kamrava, S.M.A. (2005), An introduction to Iran's Contemporary Urbanization. Tehran: Tehran university publication.
30. Katty, w., et al. (2004), Achieving sustainable urban form. Translated by Varaz Moradi Masihi, processing and urban planning company: 191.
31. Lynch, K. (2005), The theory of urban form. Bahrain, H translation. Tehran University Press, 3rd edition.
32. Mac Martin, D.H., Luke M., & Toni A. (2007), Remote Sensing Nalysis of urban expansion in Birmingham Alabama: 1988-2004, Applied Geography Conferences, 30, 147-156.
33. Majedi, H. (1999), "The main problem of urban development - The land". Abadi Journal, No.33, Center of Iran Planning and Architecture Studies.
34. Mashhadizadeh Dahaghani N. (2004), An Analaysis of Urban Planning in iran,Fifth Edition, Elm o Sanaat University Publication: 39
35. Masnavi, M.R. (2003), "Sustainable Development and New Paradigms for Urban Development". Journal of Ecology, Vol. 31: 89-104.
36. Masoomi, M.T. (2011), Analysis of temporal - spatial development and Urban's Aspral growth using remote-sensing multitemporal data and statistical models; The case study of the Ardabil. Encyclopedia of Geography Journal: 19-29.
37. Menon, Neha. (2004), “Urban sprawl”, Vision the journal of the WSC-SD, Vol2, No3.4
38. Mir Bagheri, B. et al. (2009), Quantitative assessment of urban land development focus using Rispley s k function in GIS; The case study of Robat-Karim and Nasim Shahr. Journal of Human Geography studies, Vol. 69.
39. Movvahed, A. et al. (2013), Explaining the patterns of spatial-skeletal development of Saghez using sustainable urban form. The urban planning studies Quarterly: 2nd year, Vol. 5: 55-57.
40. Nazariyan, A. (2001), Future Cities: the center of human tragedy with context of cultural interaction. Geographical Space Journal, Vol. 33: 25.
41. Poorrmohammadi, M.R. (2011), An analysis of the pattern of Tabriz uneven development. Geographical Research Quarterly, Year 25, Vol. 100, Spring 2011: 31-54
42. Rahnama, M.R. & Abbas Zade, GH.R. (1999), The principles, foundations and models of evaluation of Mashhad physical form, SID publications.
43. Rezaee, M.R. (2005), The skeletal-spatial development of the city and its environmental role (Shiraz), M.A. Thesis, Tarbiyat Modarres University: Department of Urbanism.27
44. Saraeepoor, M., & Taghvaee, M. et al., M.H. (2006), The horizontal expansion of city and the existing capacities (The case study of Yazd), Journal of Geographical Studies, 55: 152-133.
45. Schwarz, N. (2010), Urban from revisited – Selecting indicators for characterizing European cities. Landscape and Urban Planning 96: 29-47.
46. Seif-Al-Dinni, F. (2011), Explaining the distribution and density of Amol urban form with sustainable urban form approach, Journal of Urban Geography studies; Summer, 2012, 80: 155-176.
47. Sendich, E. (2006), "Planning and urban design Standard" John Wiley & Sons, INC, Vol. I: 484.
48. Sheikh, H. et al. (2012), "An analysis and determination of the physical form of Isfahan using Gary & Moran model". Journal of Research and Urban Planning; 3rd year, 9: 117-134.
49. Shiraz Statistical Callender for Years 2006- 2012.
50. Shirley, P. (2005), "Urban design green dimension", Second Edition, Architeetural Press, Elsevier, Amsterdem, p: 254.
51. Shiye, E. (2002), An introduction to the principles of urban planning. Tehran: Science and Thecnology University: 40.
52. Shokoohi, H. (2003), New perspectives in urban geography. Tehran: Samt Publication: 213.
53. Steadman P., Bruhns H.R., Holtier S., Gakivic B. (2000), A Classification of Built Forms. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 27(1): 73-91.
54. Sudhira, H.S., Ramachandra, T.V., Jagadish, K.S. (2004), Urban Sparawl: metrics, dynamics, and modeling using GIS. Internatinal Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Wassmer, R.W.2002 Ifluences of the Fiscalization of land Use and Ueban- Growth Boundaies, www.csus.edu/An Econo, ists Perspective on Urban Sprawl-Part2: 147-162.
55. Varesi, H.R. (2012), An analysis of urban creep and physical growth factors of city using the Entropy and Holdern models. Amayesh Sarzamin Journal, year 4, No.6, Spring & Summer: 79-100.
56. Zaheri, M. et al. (2007), The research project “evolution of residential villages of Tabriz metropolis”. Tabriz University: 51-72.
57. Zeya Tavana, M.H. & Ghadermazi, H. (2009), Changes of rural land use in the process of urban creeping; A case study of Niser and Hasan Abad villages in Sanandaj. Journal of Geographical Studies, 68: 119-135.